Anneliese Strenger

Anneliese Strenger (born November 8, 1913 in Melk ; † April 6, 1984 in Vienna ) was an Austrian zoologist and anatomist (university teacher).

Life

Anneliese Strenger began her studies in 1932 at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Vienna and in 1937 passed the teaching examination for secondary schools in the main subject natural history (with a minor subject physics). In addition to the subsequent probationary year at the Girls' Middle School Vienna I (Wallnerstrasse), she devoted herself to her doctoral thesis, which she had taken on in 1935 at the I. Zoological Institute under the direction of Jan Versluys . The initiator and supervisor of her dissertation on the Orthopteren -Kopf was lecturer Wilhelm Kühnelt . In 1939 the Rigorosum (in zoology as a major and botany) took place.

Due to the war, Strenger then worked until 1941 as a "Studienassessor" at the State Business School Vienna XIII (Wenzgasse - where she also graduated from Realgymnasium 13 in 1932). A little later she got the opportunity to work under the insect morphologist Hermann Weber, who had been appointed to Vienna at the zoological institute, which was then standardized. In 1942 she received an assistant position, was taken over into the federal service in 1945 and assigned to the existing morphological department. The Venia legendi received Anneliese Strenger 1952 of Zoology with special focus on comparative anatomy. Since it was again divided into two institutes in 1953, Strenger was then a member of the I. Zoological Institute under the direction of Wilhelm Marinelli . In addition to the lectures from her habilitation subject, she held a four-hour lecture "Somatology" (i.e. human anatomy) for non-medical students such as psychologists and the biology teacher candidates from 1954 (until 1974). (From 1946 to 1953 she was also active in the Viennese public education, at the "Institute for Science and Art".)

In 1961 she received the title of "extraordinary university professor", and in 1973 (after Marinelli's death) she was appointed associate professor of the new type. Since then she has headed the department for "Comparative Anatomy and Morphology". In 1978 - as the high point of her scientific career - she was elected the first female director of the Institute for Zoology. In 1979 she officially retired, but remained connected to the institute through teaching duties until her death.

Services

Stringer's scientific career was shaped by encounters with leading morphologists and anatomists such as Jan Versluys, Hermann Weber and Wilhelm Marinelli, with whom she published four parts of the "Comparative Anatomy and Morphology of Vertebrates" (1953-74). Her research focus was on comparative anatomical and functional morphological studies on insects (but unfortunately she never gave lectures on insect morphology) and vertebrates, but also echinoderms and tunicates. Almost all of the illustrations in her publications have been carried out over many years by the internationally recognized institute graphic artist Maria Mizzaro- Wimmer. B. also the echinoderms and tunicates in Rupert Riedl's Adriatic Guide.

As a result of the war effort of some teachers, she was already involved (together with her colleague Gertrud Pleskot ) during the war and after 1945 (under the direction of Otto Storch ) with great commitment in holding and rebuilding the zoological courses in an institute that was then largely destroyed. In particular, she succeeded in continuing or helping to shape the recognized Viennese tradition of comparative anatomy represented by Carl Brühl , J. Versluys and W. Marinelli and to motivate young, talented colleagues. The relevant literature was summarized in descriptive scripts for lectures and internships. In order to enrich the knowledge of the diversity of forms, the marine biology course in Rovinj (Croatia) was introduced in 1953 , in which the young zoologists found the opportunity to specialize. The embryological course at the Federal Institute for Fisheries Management in Scharfling am Mondsee also remained a tried and tested facility that was close to her heart.

In addition to the commitment of her resolute personality to the smooth running of the institute, she devoted herself with equal intensity to the welfare of her parents (with family seat in Purkersdorf). However, the main focus of her life was always the institute and, of course, her PhD students in particular, whom she looked after with maternal devotion. In her own way she had something Maria Theresa-like , hardly anyone could escape her dominant charisma. On the occasion of the (posthumous) publication of the delivery “ Acipenser ” of the aforementioned “Comparative Anatomy” (1974) she announced that she would continue the work as planned - and as a meticulous anatomist trained in insects and vertebrates, she had the best prerequisites for doing so; Nevertheless, she had to admit that she did not have the intellectual capacity of Marinelli to design the text. So the promised sequel (“Zander”) was left behind - which undoubtedly saddened her.

Perhaps, as was still common at the time, she underestimated the dangers of handling the preservative formol , to which she had been exposed for years as Marinelli's taxidermist - she fell ill with cancer around the time of her retirement. In 1982 she experienced the relocation of the reunified Zoological Institute from the University on the Ring to the newly built Biology Center in Althanstrasse (Vienna 9). She died just as she had pulled herself up and resolved to finally resume her work at the institute “after a long illness”.

Publications

• The historical development of the concept of force in physics. 1936.
• Functional analysis of the orthopter head. Dissertation University of Vienna, 1939.
• Functional study of the head of Forficula auricularia. In: Zool. Jbr Anat. 70, 1950, pp. 557-575.
• A contribution to the biology of 'Forficula auricularia'. In: Österr. Zool. Z. 2, 1950, pp. 624-638.
• The functional and morphological importance of the seams on the insect's head. In: Zool. Jbr Anat. 72, 1952, pp. 469-521.
• with Wilhelm Marinelli: Comparative anatomy and morphology of vertebrates . Introduction (1953) and Lampetra fluviatilis L. Volume 1 , volume 1. Deuticke, Vienna 1954.
• with Wilhelm Marinelli: Comparative Anatomy and Morphology of Vertebrates, Volume 1 . Myxine glutinosa L. Lfg. 2. Deuticke, Vienna 1956.
• Tunicata. Acrania. In: Handbook of Biology. Volume 6, 1958, pp. 439-478.
• with Wilhelm Marinelli: Comparative anatomy and morphology of vertebrates . Squalus acanthias L., super class: Gnathostomata (jaw jaws). Class: Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish). tape 1 , serial number 3. Deuticke, Vienna 1959.
• Cyclostomata. In: Handbook of Biology. Volume 6, 1961, pp. 479-514.
• The skin of the Echinodermata, Hemichordata and Chaetognatha. In: Studium generale. 17, 1964, pp. 143-161.
• On the head morphology of the ephemeris larvae: Palingenia longicauda. In: Zoologica. (Stuttgart) 117, 1970, pp. 1-26.
• with Wilhelm Marinelli: Comparative anatomy and morphology of vertebrates . Acipenser ruthenus L., super class: Gnathostomata (jaw mouths). Class; Osteichthyes (bony or gill cap fish). tape 1 , volume 4. Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1973.
• 'Sphaerechinus granularis': Violet sea urchin. Instructions for macroscopic and microscopic examination. In: Great zool. Internship. 18 e. Fischer, Stuttgart 1973.
• The mandible shape of the ephemeris larvae as a functional morphological problem. In: Verh. Dt. Zool. Ges. 66, 1973, 75-79.
• On the nutritional biology of the larva of 'Ctenocephalides felis'. In: Zoological Yearbooks. Department of Systematics, Geography and Biology of Animals. (Zool. Jb. Syst.) Volume 100, 1973, G. Fischer, Jena / Stuttgart et al., ISSN  0044-5193 , pp. 64-80.
• : On the head morphology of the ephemeris larvae: 'Ephemera danica'. In: Zoologica. (Stuttgart) 123, 1975, 1975, pp. 1-22.
• 'Arixenia esau.' J., not a parasite - a functional morphological study. In: Zool. Number (Jena) 199, 1977, pp. 99-106.
• On the head morphology of the ephemeris larvae: 'Proboscidiplocia skorai'. In: Zoologica. (Stuttgart) 127, 1977, pp. 1-18.
• with H. Splechtna: On the appearance and nutrition of 'Echinus melo'. Lam. In: Zool. Number (Jena) 200, 1978, pp. 374-378.

literature

• Doris Ingrisch, Maria Mizzaro: Strenger, Anneliese. In: Brigitta Keintzel, Ilse Korotin (ed.): Scientists in and from Austria. Life - work - work. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2002, ISBN 3-205-99467-1 , pp. 718–720.

Web links

• Photo portrait: female scientists in and from Austria - back cover, third from top left (frontal photo).

annotation

1. ↑ pers. Mitt. 1974.
2. ↑ His successor in office, Heinz Splechtna (1933–1996), who had been involved in the preparations for years, died of cancer at the age of 63.
3. ↑ List somewhat shortened.