Antibody mimic
Antibody mimics (engl. Antibody mimetics ) are compounds such as antibody to the binding of antigens are capable. Antibody mimetics are mostly artificial peptides or proteins with a molar mass of about 3 to 20 kDa , but nucleic acids and low molecular weight compounds are also sometimes classified as antibody mimetics. On the other hand, immunoglobulins and antibody fragments must be differentiated from antibody mimetics . Some antibody mimics have an immunoglobulin-like β-sheet structure. Antibody mimetics are mostly characterized by a solubility that is superior to antibodies and an improved tissue penetration. They often have a higher heat stability and a better enzymatic stability. Conventional antibody mimetics cannot activate the complement system and one has a shortened plasma half-life . Due to their properties, antibody mimetics are being developed in the biotech and pharmaceutical industries as new options for therapy and diagnostics .
| Antibody mimic | Basic structure | Molar mass |
|---|---|---|
| Affibodys | Protein A (Z domain) | 6 kDa |
| Kunitz domain peptides | various protease inhibitors | 6 kDa |
| Fynomeres | Fyn ( SH3 domain ) | 7 kDa |
| Affitine | Sac7d (from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius ) | 7 kDa |
| Avimers | A domains | 9-18 kDa |
| Monobodies | Fibronectin (10th domain, type III) | 10 kDa |
| DARPins | Ankyrin (repeat motifs) | 12-19 kDa |
| Affiline | Ubiquitin | 10 kDa |
| Gamma crystalline B. | 20 kDa | |
| Anticalins | Lipocalins | 20 kDa |
literature
- Gebauer M, Skerra A: Engineered protein scaffolds as next-generation antibody therapeutics . In: Curr Opin Chem Biol . June 2009. doi : 10.1016 / j.cbpa.2009.04.627 . PMID 19501012 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nygren PA: Alternative binding proteins: affibody binding proteins developed from a small three-helix bundle scaffold . In: FEBS J . . 275, No. 11, June 2008, pp. 2668-76. doi : 10.1111 / j.1742-4658.2008.06438.x . PMID 18435759 .
- ^ Nixon AE, Wood CR: Engineered protein inhibitors of proteases . In: Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel . 9, No. 2, March 2006, pp. 261-8. PMID 16566296 .
- ↑ Stolc V: Polymorphism of cyclic 3 ', 5'-adenosine monophosphate stimulation in rat erythrocytes . In: Acta Haematol. . 85, No. 4, 1991, pp. 195-8. PMID 1713012 .
- ↑ Krehenbrink M, Chami M, Guilvout I, Alzari PM, Pécorari F, Pugsley AP: Artificial binding proteins (Affitins) as probes for conformational changes in secretin PulD . In: J. Mol. Biol. . 383, No. 5, November 2008, pp. 1058-68. doi : 10.1016 / j.jmb.2008.09.016 . PMID 18822295 .
- ^ Silverman J, Liu Q, Lu Q, et al. : Multivalent avimer proteins evolved by exon shuffling of a family of human receptor domains . In: Nat. Biotechnol. . 23, No. 12, December 2005, pp. 1556-61. doi : 10.1038 / nbt1166 . PMID 16299519 .
- ↑ Koide A, Koide S: Monobodies: antibody mimics based on the scaffold of the fibronectin type III domain . In: . Methods Mol Biol. . 352, 2007, pp. 95-109. PMID 17041261 .
- ↑ Stumpp MT, Binz HK, Amstutz P: DARPins: a new generation of protein therapeutics . In: Drug Discov. Today . 13, No. 15-16, August 2008, pp. 695-701. doi : 10.1016 / j.drudis.2008.04.013 . PMID 18621567 .
- ↑ Ebersbach H, Fiedler E, Scheuermann T, et al. : Affilin-novel binding molecules based on human gamma-B-crystallin, an all beta-sheet protein . In: J. Mol. Biol. . 372, No. 1, September 2007, pp. 172-85. doi : 10.1016 / j.jmb.2007.06.045 . PMID 17628592 .
- ↑ Skerra A: Alternative binding proteins: anticalins - harnessing the structural plasticity of the lipocalin ligand pocket to engineer novel binding activities . In: FEBS J. . 275, No. 11, June 2008, pp. 2677-83. doi : 10.1111 / j.1742-4658.2008.06439.x . PMID 18435758 .