Artur Tupits
Artur Tupits (born September 26th July / October 8th 1892 greg. In the village of Pikknurme , today rural municipality Puurmani , Jõgeva County , Estonia ; † October 28, 1941 in the "correctional and labor camp" Ussollag near Solikamsk , today Perm region , Russia ) was an Estonian politician and journalist.
Life, journalism and politics
Artur Karl Tupits was born as the son of Karl and Helena Marie Tupits in what was then the governorate of Livonia . Tupits received his education at the renowned Hugo-Treffner-Gymnasium in Tartu , as did his later party friends KarlEinund and Jaan Teemant .
He was drawn into political journalism early on. In 1918 he became editor of the daily Maaliit ("Landunion"). She was the official mouthpiece of the conservative-agrarian " Estonian Rural People's Union " ( Eesti Maarahva Liit ), a leading political party in Estonia. Tupits remained loyal to the newspaper throughout the interwar period. In 1919 it was renamed Kaja ("Echo"), in 1920 the party was renamed Põllumeeste Kogud ("Association of Farmers"). Tupits worked closely with the party's prominent leaders such as Karl Einbund , Konstantin Päts and Jaan Teemant .
Tupits graduated from the Law School of Tartu University in 1925 . He then also worked as a lawyer. The main focus of his professional life was in politics until his death.
Tupits belonged from 1920 to the Estonian parliament ( Riigikogu ) in all of its five legislative terms as a member of the "Federation of Farmers". At the same time, as the (chief) editor of the Kaja newspaper, he remained one of the country's sharpest political journalists.
Late in the evening of February 5, 1929 Tupits sparked a scandal in the otherwise peaceful and civilized Riigikogu when he said social democratic labor, social and education minister Leopold Johannes Johanson in the vestibule of the parliament building two slaps missed. Johanson had felt vilified by articles in the Kaja newspaper and voiced this loudly in plenary. Tupits later apologized for the assault. In Estonian vernacular, the phrase "do a Tupits" ( tupitsat tegema or tuupi tegema ) has become common for slaps in the face .
From the early 1930s onwards, Tupits was also closely linked to the Estonian agricultural industry. He was a leading member of large agricultural associations, particularly the meat industry.
Tupits was Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Estonia four times for the “Association of Farmers”. From November 1932 to May 1933 he was a member of the cabinet of Prime Minister Konstantin Päts . He held the same office again from September 1937 to May 1938 in the government . From May 1938 to October 1939 he was Minister of Agriculture in the cabinet of Prime Minister Kaarel Eenpalu . From May 11, 1938 he was also Deputy Prime Minister. From October 1939 to the Soviet occupation of Estonia in June 1940 was Tupits Agriculture Minister and Deputy Prime Minister in the Cabinet of Jüri Uluots .
On March 12, 1934, Tupits' party friend, the acting head of state and government Konstantin Päts , seized power in a bloodless coup . Päts established an authoritarian police state. The parties were banned from operating. Civil rights, especially freedom of expression and the press, have been severely curtailed.
Alongside Ants Oidermaa, Tupits became one of the new government's most important propagandists. In 1937 he was a member of the Constituent Assembly ( Rahvuskogu ). In 1938 he was appointed to the Riigivolikogu , the second chamber of the Estonian parliament.
At the same time, Tupits remained active as a journalist for the newspaper Kaja . In 1935 it was renamed Uus Eesti . Under Tupits, who was its editor-in-chief until 1937, the daily remained the official language and propaganda organ of the authoritarian rule under President Konstantin Päts. In 1936 Tupits published a book called Konstantin Päts. Eesti Riigi rajaja. [Konstantin Päts. Founder of the Estonian state], a hymn of praise for the then head of state and government.
Soviet occupation and death
After the Soviet occupation of Estonia, Artur Tupits was arrested on November 16, 1940 in Tallinn. On May 14, 1941, a Soviet tribunal sentenced him to long term imprisonment in a camp and deported him to Inner Russia. He died in the gulag in the autumn of the same year .
literature
- Eesti elulood. Tallinn: Eesti entsüklopeediakirjastus 2000 (= Eesti entsüklopeedia 14) ISBN 9985-70-064-3 , p. 556
Web links
- Works by Artur Tupits in the holdings of the Estonian National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.htg.tartu.ee/eng/?sub=kuulsamad
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from January 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tupits, Artur |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Tupits, Artur Karl |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Estonian politician, member of the Riigikogu and journalist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 8, 1892 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Pikknurme , now rural municipality of Puurmani , Jõgeva County , Estonia |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 28, 1941 |
| Place of death | " Correctional and labor camp" Ussollag near Solikamsk , today Perm region , Russia |