At-Tāhir al-Haddād

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Tahar Haddad

At-Tāhir al-Haddād ( Arabic الطاهر الحداد, DMG aṭ-Ṭāhir al-Ḥaddād ; * December 4, 1899 in Tunis ; † December 7, 1935 ) was a Tunisian writer, reformer and women's rights activist .

Life

Haddad was born in Tunis to a family of merchants from El Hamma . He first attended an Islamic primary school ( Kouttab ) and then studied Islamic studies and Islamic law ( Sharia ) at a madrasa , the University of the Great Ez-Zitouna, from 1911 until he graduated with a university certificate ( Tatwi ) as a notary in 1920 Mosque . However, he hardly practiced the profession of notary and became a member of the Destur party founded in 1920 . He headed the public relations work of the party that advocates an independent Tunisia. However, the activities of the party leadership did not seem sufficient and so he resigned.

Afterwards he worked as a journalist and writer, at the same time he was involved in the labor movement. In contrast to Mohamed Ali El Hammi , his friend and co-founder of the Tunisian labor movement CGTT , which existed for a short time in 1925 , Haddad was not forced to leave the country by the French colonial administration and briefly chaired the union. In 1927 he published a first book on the Tunisian trade union movement under the title Tunisian Workers and the Union Movement . In the following year he began studying law in Tunis.

Haddad campaigned for women's rights . In his published October 5, 1930 editorial Our Women in the Shari 'a and Society (about Our women in Islamic law and society ), he advocated expanded rights for women and stated that the term of his interpretation of Islam that impede women. However, the demands raised therein prevented his admission to graduation and earned him hostility in the press and in public.

Haddad died of tuberculosis .

meaning

Among other things, Haddad advocated extensive equality between men and women in civil law, called for regular and equal schooling for women and men, equal property and inheritance rights for women as well, and civil marriage and divorce law that would replace Islamic divorce law should. The polygamy and the marriage of girls against their will, he refused as well as the full-body veiling from the woman because of his knowledge for it to no corresponding rules in the Koran were found.

His demands were taken up by women who took part in rallies by the Al Destour party for the independence of the country and were therefore imprisoned. After the Second World War, Habib Bourguiba , the leader of the successor party Neo-Destour, in which many of these women were also organized, essentially adopted Haddad's demands and they were largely implemented in the laws passed after the country's independence. For example, polygamy is prohibited in Tunisia and wearing the niqab in public spaces is not officially permitted.

In Tunisia, several streets and schools are named after Tahar Haddad.

The Boeing 737-600 of Tunisair with the identification TS-IOR and an ATR 72 the airline Tunisair Express were also named after him.

Fonts

  • les travailleurs tunisiens et l'avènement du mouvement syndical / Tunisian Workers and the Union Movement , 1927
  • Imraʾatunā fī š-šarīʿa wa-l-muǧtamaʿ ("Our Lady in Sharia and Society"), 1930.
  • Khaouater ( Reflexions / Thoughts ), Maison Arabe du Livre / Arab Book Publishing House, 1975 (printed posthumously)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Biographical note ( memento of November 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) on the website of the Tunisian trade union CGTT (English)
  2. ↑ In various sources, for example in an article in the La Gazette du Maroc , El Hamma is incorrectly stated as his place of birth.
  3. ↑ Samir Sobh: "Tahar Haddad, le féministe" ( Memento of the original from August 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , In: La Gazette du Maroc , August 14, 2006, seen November 16, 2010 (French) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lagazettedumaroc.com
  4. ↑ Juliette Bessis: Maghreb, questions d'histoire , éd. L'Harmattan, Paris, 2003, ISBN 978-2-7475-4727-7 , p. 153
  5. ^ A b c " Tahar Haddad, Tunisian Social Reformer ." Tunisian Community Center , as seen on November 15, 2010 (also archive )
  6. ^ A b Richard H. Curtiss: "Women's Rights an Affair of State for Tunisia ." Washington Report on Middle East Affairs , September / October 1993, p. 50, viewed Nov. 15, 2010.
  7. ↑ Tunisia: International Religious Freedom Report 2007 of the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor on the website of the American State Department state.gov, viewed November 17, 2010 (English)
  8. ↑ Information on the Boeing 737-600, identification TS-IOR of Tunisair, on planespotters.net, seen April 5, 2011
  9. ↑ a b Title and year of publication according to information in the biographical note of the University of Ez-Zitouna
personal data
SURNAME Haddād, at-Tāhir al-
ALTERNATIVE NAMES الطاهر الحداد (Arabic)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Tunisian writer, scholar and reformer
DATE OF BIRTH 4th December 1899
PLACE OF BIRTH Tunis
DATE OF DEATH December 7, 1935