Augustinian Choir Women Monastery (Mannheim)
The Augustiner Choir Women Monastery in Mannheim , L 1 , was dedicated to school education from 1722 until it was closed in 1805. At that time the convention had 300 female students, but only ten members, who gave up classes for reasons of age and health. The government then dissolved the convent, but the premises were continued as a Catholic school. The church itself has been converted into a museum.
history
After Elector Carl Philipp moved the Palatinate court to Mannheim , the Catholic orders followed. The Augustinian choir women of the Congrégation de Notre Dame from Heidelberg opened a higher girls' school opposite the castle in 1722 . They were given permission to teach up to 30 boarding school students and around 118 external students there.
The building took up almost the entire L 1 square. According to a description from the early 19th century, it had three portals, a Doric one towards the castle, a simple one to the church in Schlossstrasse (or Breite Strasse), and a third with Ionic columns towards L 2. It also says: The whole building is two-story and has a hundred and seven windows. The rear part is visibly newly attached. It was started in 1725 and left to the nuns, following the rule of St. Augustine, to teach religion, languages and customs to the young women. The church service in the church was carried out by a Capuchin. Now this building has been set up for the Catholic German teaching institute and, in addition to the adequate classrooms, contains the apartments for the teachers of the Catholic youth.
The necessary buildings were financed by donations, since according to the statutes of the order no school fees were charged. From 1781 the Elector Carl Theodor also granted an annual subsidy and set the number of convent members at 18 teaching and seven lay sisters.
The state subsidies were discontinued with the transition to the Grand Duchy of Baden . In 1805 the last ten sisters gave up teaching - also for reasons of age and health. The school was attended by around 300 students at that time. After that, the building continued to serve as a Catholic school. The associated church was not large and, in the opinion of contemporaries, “offered nothing of importance”. It also served as a school church until 1898.
In 1898 the entire Catholic parish exchanged the complex with the city for a piece of land in the eastern part of the city for the construction of the Holy Spirit Church . Some memorial stones from the school church were later placed there. A stone relief showing the Holy Family was placed in the Jesuit Church behind the Marien Altar.
The church was then used by the Mannheimer Kunstverein as an exhibition space. The buildings were badly damaged and demolished during the Second World War. A new building from the 1950s then served the state health department. It has been empty since 2005. After a comprehensive renovation, the administration of the University of Mannheim moved in there in 2010 .
Burial place
Various local historically significant persons were buried in the church of the Augustiner Chorfrauen-Stift. One of the tombs was created by the court sculptor Peter Anton von Verschaffelt (1710–1793) for his daughter Ursula de Saint Martin (1749–1780). When the church was profaned (1898), some of the remains of the dead were reburied in the main cemetery in Mannheim .
The details of the dead resting in the church were:
- Ursula de Saint Martin, b. von Verschaffelt (1749–1780), tomb today in the Holy Spirit Church
- Claude de Saint Martin (1729–1799), husband of the previous one, tomb of Theodor Wagner today in the Heilig-Geist-Kirche
- Josepha Ursula von Herding , b. de Saint Martin (1780–1849), daughter of the aforementioned, buried with a new tombstone in the main cemetery
- Maximilian von Herding (1802–1850), Bavarian treasurer, son of the aforementioned, mentioned on his mother's tombstone
- Anna Wilhelmina von Beveren born von Landsberg († 1736), wife of the Palatinate Conference Minister Sigismund von Beveren (grave inscription handed down in the “ Thesaurus Palatinus ” by Johann Franz Capellini von Wickenburg ).
- Johann Ignatius von Suck (1673–1744) deputy commander of the 1st Kurpfälzischer Reiter-Regiment and his wife Maria Katharina born. Moll (1690–1730) (grave inscription handed down in the “Thesaurus Palatinus” by Johann Franz Capellini von Wickenburg).
Tomb of Ursula of Saint-Martin
Claude de Saint Martin's tomb (both now Holy Spirit Church)
Modern tombstone of Josepha Ursula von Herding in the main cemetery; with reference to the relocation from the Augustinian Church
Funerary inscription Anna Wilhelmina von Beveren b. from Landsberg
Grave inscription Johann Ignatius von Suck and his wife
literature
- JG Rieger: Historical-topographical-statistical description of Mannheim and its surroundings . Mannheim with Tobias Löffler, 1824, pp. 251 ff. And 296
- Heinrich Strohmaier: The former nunnery in L 1 . In: Mannheim history sheets . 31st year, issue 2 a. 3, 1930, p. 38-46 .
- Hans Huth: The art monuments of the city district of Mannheim. The art monuments in Baden-Württemberg . Edited by Baden-Württemberg State Monument Authority, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-422-00556-0 .
- Lenelotte Möller : Higher girls' schools in the Electoral Palatinate and Franconia in the 18th century . Frankfurt am Main 2001, ISBN 3-631-36889-5 .
Web links
- Augustiner-Chorfrauen-Stift (Mannheim) in the database of monasteries in Baden-Württemberg of the Baden-Württemberg State Archives
Individual evidence
- ↑ Baden-Württemberg Monasteries, State Archives
- ↑ Digital scan from the Thesaurus Palatinus
- ↑ Digital scan from the Thesaurus Palatinus
Coordinates: 49 ° 29 ′ 4.9 ″ N , 8 ° 27 ′ 50.2 ″ E