Autolib '

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Autolib logo.svg

Autolib ' was a public car sharing offer with electric cars of the Bluecar model in the Paris metropolitan area . The project operated by the Bolloré Group started in December 2011 with 250 vehicles. In 2017, 4,000 vehicles were available at 1,100 stations in Paris and the surrounding area. In mid-2018 it was shut down due to a lack of profitability; the deficit at that time was several hundred million euros. The name Autolib ' is a suitcase word made up of automobile (car) and liberté (freedom).

Bolloré's car sharing system was also introduced in other French cities from 2013 (as bluely in Lyon and bluecub in Bordeaux ) and started in Indianapolis, USA in 2015 . In September 2014, Bolloré and Renault agreed to work together, as a result of which electric cars from this manufacturer were added to the rental car fleet in Lyon and Bordeaux.

Project

Autolib 'station with service pavilion

Autolib 'was created on the initiative of the then Parisian Mayor Bertrand Delanoë , who made it the subject of his re-election in spring 2008. The system was based on the public bike rental offer Vélib ' , which had existed since 2007 . The vehicles did not have to be brought back to the starting point, but could be parked at other Autolib 'parking lots. Free parking spaces at Autolib 'stations could be determined and reserved via the navigation system built into the Bluecars.

The system started on December 5, 2011 with 250 Bluecars. The number of subscribers grew in the first year from around 8,000 at the end of January to a good 47,000 at the end of November 2012. At the end of March 2015, Autolib reported 75,000 active subscriptions. In the first year of operation, a Bluecar was borrowed 820,000 times - mostly by younger people from Paris between the ages of 18 and 34. Average values ​​per trip were a distance of nine kilometers and a rental period of 40 minutes. Autolib 'was considered successful in the first years of its operation, surveys are said to have shown a customer satisfaction rate of 95 percent in 2012.

At the end of November 2012, 720 stations (with 3500 charging points) and 1750 bluecars were in operation. The expansion plan up to 2013 envisaged around five thousand loading points at more than one thousand stations (seven hundred of them in Paris) and around three thousand vehicles for the city of Paris and 46 of its neighboring communities. In 2017, 4,000 vehicles were made available at 1,100 stations in the Paris region.

Course of the call 2008–2010

In a press release from the City of Paris from October 2008 on the planned tender, vehicles with "low pollutant emissions" were mentioned. The requirements were later specified initially for hybrid vehicles and finally for electric cars .

In December 2009 a Syndicat mixte , an association of municipalities interested in the project, put the operation of Autolib 'out to tender. After a pre-selection in March 2010, three of the original six applicants were still in the running: VTLIB '( Veolia ), the conglomerate Bolloré and a consortium made up of Avis Budget Group , SNCF , RATP and Vinci .

The three finalists suggested the following vehicles:

The bluecar

On December 16, 2010, Bolloré was awarded the contract.

Investments

The total investment was estimated at 200 million euros at the time of award. From that:

  • 60 million euros from the operator
  • 35 million euros Paris
  • 15 million euros from the remaining municipalities, which subsidized each parking station with 50,000 euros (sum for 300 stations in the suburbs).

Subscription cost

Four subscriptions were offered: for 120 euros per year, 25 euros per month, 10 euros per week or for a day without a subscription fee. In addition, there were usage costs of 5.50 to 9 euros per half hour. There were discounts for families.

A driver's license, photo ID and credit card were required to register. In addition to the Autolib headquarters, it could be carried out at vehicle stands that were equipped with a service pavilion ( espace d'abonnement ), from which the registration was carried out via a video connection to the headquarters and the chip card for vehicle use was issued.

Charging stations

The charging stations at which the Bluecars were charged were also supplied by Bolloré. They were provided with a cable with a type 1 plug.

With the know-how acquired for the operation and reservation of charging places, the Bolloré Group succeeded in December 2013 in taking over the operation of the Source London charging network, which was founded in May 2011, with 300 stations and 1,400 charging points . The London charging network should be expanded to 6,000 charging points by 2018. In 2015, a right-hand drive version of the Bluecar was presented, with which car sharing should be operated in London from 2016.

The Bolloré Group announced another charging station network with 16,000 charging points for France in December 2014. The stations were to be distributed across the country in such a way that the nearest charging station would never have been more than 40 km away. In order to avoid overloading the network, the stations at type 2 sockets should be charged slowly with max. Deliver 7.4 kW charging power. In February 2015, implementation was announced by 2019, with half of the stations to be installed in 2016.

Power source

Autolib 'sourced its electricity from Électricité Réseau Distribution France (ERDF), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Électricité de France (EDF). In 2010, EDF generated 74.5 percent nuclear power , 9.2% in conventional thermal power plants , 16.2% with hydropower and 0.1% from other renewable energy sources such as wind power .

Cessation of operations

The city of Paris canceled the project on July 31, 2018 due to accumulated losses of around 300 million euros. The number of subscribers had halved to around 150,000 within two years.

In May 2020, the BlueIndy project in Indianapolis ended after four years.

See also

Web links

Commons : Autolib '  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Paris pulls the plug on the Autolib 'car sharing project. In: manager-magazin.de . June 22, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b Julia Hildermeier: E-car sharing as a Parisian world hit. Klimaletter.info, August 30, 2014
  3. ^ A b Charles Morris: Bolloré's electric Bluecar, with novel solid-state batteries, coming to London. In: Charged. Electric Vehicles Magazine. Isentropic Media, June 22, 2015, accessed December 2, 2015 .
  4. ↑ Cordelia Chaton: City of Love discovers her heart for e-mobility. In: VDI news . October 17, 2014, accessed December 2, 2015 .
  5. ^ Julian Dell: Bertrand Delanoë: "Autolib, une petite révolution". autodeclics.com, January 16, 2008 (accessed January 31, 2012)
  6. ↑ coup d'envoi pour Autolib 'à Paris , in Le Monde , 5 December 2011
  7. ↑ Michael Kläsgen: Paris starts Autolib , Süddeutsche Zeitung November 16, 2011
  8. ↑ facebook.com
  9. ^ Autolib ': un an au compteur. In: paris.fr ( accessed online on December 3, 2012).
  10. ↑ AUTOLIB 'FÊTE UN AN DE SUCCÈS In: directmatin.fr ( accessed online on December 3, 2012).
  11. ↑ LES GRANDES ÉTAPES DU PROJET In: autolib.eu ( online ( memento of November 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) accessed on December 3, 2012).
  12. ↑ a b Carsharing: Paris pulls the plug on e-cars , Der Spiegel, June 21, 2018
  13. ↑ Press release from the City of Paris (October 2008)
  14. ↑ a b Autolib 'se dévoile ce samedi à Paris. In: Le Parisien , September 17, 2010.
  15. ^ Peugeot company website
  16. ^ A b Christian Schubert: Verkehr: Parisians should share electric cars FAZ.net, December 18, 2010
  17. ↑ Autolib 'website: Sélectionnez votre offre ( Memento of July 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (French), accessed on December 1, 2015
  18. ↑ Autolib 'Website: Autolib', comment ça marche? ( Memento of January 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (fr), accessed on December 1, 2015
  19. ^ Charles Morris: Bolloré subsidiary to manage London's charging network. In: Charged. Electric Vehicles Magazine. Isentropic Media, December 28, 2013, accessed December 2, 2015 .
  20. ↑ Carla Westerheide: Bolloré is planning a huge network with 16,000 charging points in France. In: electrive.net. December 9, 2014, accessed December 2, 2015 .
  21. ↑ Michaël Torregrossa: Bornes de recharge & réseau national. Bolloré reçoit le feu vert du gouvernement. In: automobile-propre.com. February 6, 2015, accessed December 5, 2015 (French).
  22. ↑ Le réseau Bolloré de 16,000 points de charge de véhicules électriques se dévoile. In: Avere-France. March 16, 2015, accessed December 5, 2015 (French).
  23. ↑ Fermeture du service. (No longer available online.) In: autolib.eu. Archived from the original on July 16, 2018 ; accessed on July 16, 2018 (French).
  24. ↑ Thibaut Emme: Autopartage: Bolloré arrête aussi BlueIndy. In: leblogauto.com. January 30, 2020, accessed June 27, 2020 (French).
  25. ↑ Kellie Hwang, Holly V. Hays: BlueIndy: Indianapolis electric car-sharing program to shut down. In: Indianapolis Star. April 23, 2020, accessed June 27, 2020 (English).