Aviva Bar-On

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Aviva Bar-On ( Hebrew אביבה בר-און; formerly Bedřiška Winklerová , born on 2. September 1932 in Miroslav ) is a Czechoslovakian survivor of the Holocaust , which in since 1949. Israel lives.

Life

Aviva Bar-On's father ran a sawmill in Miroslav, and he was also an educator. She had a brother, Felix. After the occupation of the Sudetenland in 1938, the family fled to Brno , where they lived with their uncle and his family. Her father had to do forced labor. In January 1942 the family had to go to a collection point in Brno and were deported to Theresienstadt . Here the family was separated and Aviva Bar-On was allowed to stay with her mother. When Aviva Bar-On fell ill in Theresienstadt, she met the writer and composer Ilse Weber in the infirmary , who repeatedly sang a "sad but funny song" to the sick children in the concentration camp. After she was released from the infirmary, she visited Ilse Weber again and again and learned her lyrics and melodies.

Since Bar-On's father was an educator, he and his family were protected from deportation. In February 1945, when the collapsing Hitler regime needed foreign currency, 1,200 Jews from the Theresienstadt concentration camp were sold for a million dollars. Bar-On's father was summoned by the camp commandant Karl Rahm , who, since his father was a master builder, selected him for the transport to Switzerland. Up until the crossing over the border, the family believed that the transport was going to Auschwitz , but they arrived safely in Kreuzlingen on February 7, 1945 . First on to St. Gallen , where they were quarantined, from there to Adliswil near Zurich and finally they were accommodated in a hotel on Lake Geneva near Montreux . While none of their friends from Theresienstadt could survive, the Winkler family was safe and could wait for the fall of the Third Reich.

In July 1945 the family returned to Czechoslovakia. The apartment in Miroslav had been confiscated, the parents were looking for new accommodation, while the children went to Prague . Here Aviva Bar-On and her brother came to sanatoriums, Bar-On suffered from bulimia . After she was released from the sanatorium, she went to school for two more years, first in Miroslav, then in Brno.

In May 1949, Aviva Bar-On and her brother took the last chance to leave their homeland legally and emigrated to Israel with the support of the youth organization Aliyah . First she lived in Kibbutz Kabri in the north of Israel, then trained as a nurse at the Rambam Hospital in Haifa and finally studied sociology . In 1956 she married Asher Braun (Bar-On), who comes from Hungary and who had survived the Mauthausen concentration camp and a death march . Bedřiška Winklerová changed its name to Aviva Bar-On. In 1956 the brother went to study in England, but stayed there. The parents originally wanted to follow their children to Israel, but this was not possible in the 1950s, and later their father no longer wanted, who ultimately died in Czechoslovakia. After his death, his mother came to Israel in 1976, where she lived for 19 years, but no longer learned Hebrew. Aviva Bar-On lives in Kirjat Ono near Tel Aviv.

On April 15, 2018, the Italian composer Francesco Lotoro conducted a concert in Jerusalem with works by Jewish composers that were written in concentration camps. The concert took place on the occasion of Yom haAtzma'ut and the 70th anniversary of the founding of the state of Israel and included works by Max Ehrlich , Willy Rosen and Zygfryd Maciej Stryjecki . Aviva Bar-On also performed and presented a song by Ilse Weber (1903–1944), the text and melody of which were not handed down in writing, but through Aviva's memory.

Aviva Bar-On has three children, eleven grandchildren and already several great-grandchildren.

Quote

“That I overcame the hardships of childhood and youth and still managed to build a beautiful family is my greatest success. We never talked about the Shoah at home, until very late. My children grew up here with a straight spine. [...] You grew up as equal citizens of our country. "

- Aviva Bar-On : Interview with Hynek Moravec, Kirjat Ono, April 4, 2014

swell

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Raf Sanchez: 'I am their voice': Holocaust survivor, 85, performs never before heard music from the concentration camps , The Telegraph (London), March 17, 2018
  2. ↑ Aviva Bar On , in: Dapei Kesher No. 82, April 2017, p. 11 (website of the Beit Theresienstadt memorial organization ) (accessed on April 5, 2018)
  3. ^ Memory of Nations (in collaboration with Czech Television), Stories of the 20th Century: '' Aviva Bar-On roz. Winklerová (1932) '', accessed April 4, 2018
  4. ↑ Velvyslanectví České republiky v Tel Avivu: '' [1] '', accessed on April 4, 2018
  5. ↑ The song from the ghetto is performed again (השיר מהגטו זוכה לביצוע מחודש) Video report by the Israeli television network Reshet (Tel Aviv) in preparation for the concert, including singing by Aviva Bar-On, April 12, 2018 (in Hebrew)
  6. ↑ Video recording of the "Notes of Hope" concert, Jerusalem, April 15, 2018 , with English subtitles, video on YouTube (accessed April 16, 2018)
  7. ^ Jewish New Online: Concert in Jerusalem to feature music rescued from concentration camps , March 12, 2018
  8. ↑ Lost music of Nazis' prisoners to be heard at concert in Jerusalem , The Guardian (London), March 1, 2018
  9. ↑ 'The best cabaret in Europe' - Nazi prisoners' music premieres, 70 years on , The Guardian, April 16, 2018
  10. ↑ '' Aviva Bar-On roz. Winklerová (1932) '', interview with Hynek Moravec, Kirjat Ono, April 4, 2014, accessed on April 4, 2018
personal data
SURNAME Bar-On, Aviva
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Winklerová, Bedřiška (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czechoslovak Holocaust survivor, concert singer
DATE OF BIRTH September 2, 1932
PLACE OF BIRTH Miroslav