Max Ehrlich
Max Michaelis Ehrlich (born December 7, 1892 in Berlin ; † October 1, 1944 in Auschwitz concentration camp ) was a German cabaret artist , actor and film director .
Life
Max Ehrlich received his training from Max Reinhardt at the Deutsches Theater Berlin from 1911 , where he had his first appearance in 1912. In 1913 and from 1916 to 1920 he was engaged in Breslau . He developed into a successful cabaret artist in the 1920s. His film debut followed in 1926 with a supporting role in the silent film, produced by Reinhold Schünzel , In the homeland, there's a reunion! After 15 other films, for which he occasionally wrote the subtitles , Ehrlich's first sound film followed in 1930 with a supporting role in Richard Oswald's Vienna, du Stadt der Lieder . The sound film made him even more popular, performing - except in short films such as Kurt Gerron's cabaret program No. 2 and No. 6 (1931) and Heinz Hilles Who Pays Today? - but never in a leading role. From 1932 he was often behind the camera as a short film director.
As a Jew, Max Ehrlich was not accepted into the Reich Film Department after the National Socialist government and was therefore no longer able to work in Germany. He went to Vienna and, after his performances there were also interrupted, on to Switzerland and Holland. However, driven by homesickness, he returned to Germany in 1935, where he was able to continue performing under restricted conditions as part of the Jewish Cultural Association . When the political situation worsened with the November pogroms of 1938, however, he went to Amsterdam the following spring , where he joined Willy Rosen's Jewish theater.
In May 1940, the neutral Netherlands was occupied by German troops. Max Ehrlich was arrested in 1943 and deported to the Dutch transit camp Westerbork . As the leader of a prisoner troop, he was able to develop and perform a series of stage programs from sketches and songs with some of the prominent fellow prisoners:
- Colorful Evening , July 1943; Humor and Melody , September 1943; Bravo! De Capo! , October 1943; Bunter Abend (2) , March 1944; Colorful Evening (3) , April 1944; Crazy June 1944
Ehrlich was taken to the Theresienstadt ghetto on the penultimate deportation train on September 4, 1944, and from there to Auschwitz , where he was murdered in the gas chamber .
Filmography
Actors, unless otherwise stated:
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Honors
On April 15, 2018, the Italian composer Francesco Lotoro conducted a concert in Jerusalem with works by Jewish composers that were written in concentration camps. The concert took place on the occasion of Yom HaAtzma'ut and the 70th anniversary of the founding of the state of Israel and included a. Works by Max Ehrlich and Willy Rosen .
Fonts
- Max Ehrlich: From Adalbert to Zilzer. Collected theater anecdotes. Eden-Verlag, Berlin, 1928.
literature
- Kay Less : Between the stage and the barracks. Lexicon of persecuted theater, film and music artists from 1933 to 1945 . With a foreword by Paul Spiegel . Metropol, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-938690-10-9 , p. 102.
- Kay Less: 'In life, more is taken from you than given ...'. Lexicon of filmmakers who emigrated from Germany and Austria between 1933 and 1945. A general overview. ACABUS-Verlag, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86282-049-8 , p. 148 f.
- Dirk Mulder, Ben Prinsen (ed.): Laughing in the dark. Amusement in the Westerbork camp (= Netherlands Studies. Vol. 3). Lit, Münster 1997, ISBN 3-8258-3369-0 .
- Ehrlich, Max , in: Frithjof Trapp, Bärbel Schrader, Dieter Wenk, Ingrid Maaß: Handbook of the German-speaking Exile Theater 1933 - 1945. Volume 2. Biographical Lexicon of Theater Artists . Munich: Saur, 1999, ISBN 3-598-11375-7 , pp. 208f.
Web links
- Max Ehrlich in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Max Ehrlich at filmportal.de
- Entry in the Central Database of the Names of Holocaust Victims at the Yad Vashem Memorial
- Pictures by Max Ehrlich In: Virtual History
- www.cyranos.ch (short biography)
- Website of the Max Ehrlich Association (English)
- Max Ehrlich in Die vom Rummelplatz on YouTube
- Max Ehrlich (film leader) in Vienna the city of songs on YouTube
- Max Ehrlich in Vienna the city of songs on YouTube
- Max Ehrlich in Vienna I once loved a girl on YouTube
Individual evidence
- ↑ For details on the picture see Hildegard Quandt
- ↑ Program leaflet , at aufrichtigs.com
- ↑ Long forgotten, a star of prewar Germany is rediscovered more than 70 years after his death at Auschwitz , Los Angeles Times , April 13, 2018
- ↑ Video recording of the "Notes of Hope" concert, Jerusalem, April 15, 2018 , with English subtitles, video on YouTube (accessed April 16, 2018)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Honestly, Max |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Honestly, Max Michaelis (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German cabaret artist, actor and film director |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 7, 1892 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 1, 1944 |
| Place of death | Auschwitz concentration camp |