Hossein Kazemeyni Borudscherdi

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Sayyed Hossein Kazemeyni Borudscherdi (also: Boroujerdi ; * 1957 in Tehran ; Persian سيد حسين كاظمينی بروجردی, DMG Seyyed Ḥoseyn-e Kāẓemeynī-e Boruǧerdī ) is an Iranian Ayatollah and author of numerous books and treatises dealing with the Koran , spirituality and ethical issues. Borudscherdi was born in Tehran in 1957 and grew up in Qom .

position

As a supporter of the Twelve Shiah , which was made the state religion in Iran , Borudscherdi advocates the separation of religion and state . He is thus in the long, quietist tradition of the Shiite clergy, who only recognize the Hidden Imam as the legitimate ruler. With this position Borudscherdi is hostile to the prevailing political conditions in Iran. He is therefore subject to official persecution in Iran. In a letter to the Pope, the European Union and UN Secretary General Kofi Annan , he described the mysterious circumstances surrounding the death of his father Ayatollah Seyyed Mohammad Ali Kazemeyni Borudscherdi in 2002 and the subsequent seizure of his father's mosque and further harassment by government agencies.

Borudscherdi criticizes the manner in which the concept of Velayat-e Faqih (rule of the Supreme Legal Scholar; Persian: ولایت فقیه) is practiced in Iran and justifies this, among other things. a. with the fact that the Iranians are tired of political slogans, but stand on the foundations of religion and the mission of Muhammad . The Iranians would have had enough of the politicization of religion and the exploitation of religion by groups that had nothing to do with it. Islam is the religion of tolerance , tolerance and compassion. The Koran underlines that there should be no compulsion in religion.

Navid Kermani compares this Shiite tendency with

those ultra-orthodox Jews who reject the State of Israel [...] reject all human attempts to establish the divine just order on earth. […] Until then they adhere to a strict quietism ; since in the absence of the Mahdi any political rule would be illegitimate, theologians should leave it to the laity so as not to sully themselves. A man-made, “Islamic” republic is heresy for these traditionalists.

Imprisonments

Borudscherdi was arrested in 1995, 2000 and again in 2006 along with many supporters on October 8, 2006 (according to other sources as early as September 20) in Tehran after a clash between the police and hundreds of his supporters. Iranian officials accuse Borujerdi of claiming to be a representative of the Hidden Imam who, according to Shiite beliefs, will return to rule the Islamic empire. Borujerdi has rejected these claims. After Borudscherdi was arrested in 2006, the Iranian government ordered him to be transferred to Evin Prison . There have been several unexplained deaths in Evin Prison in the past. At the end of 2008, Ayatollah Sayed Hossein Kazemeyni Boroudscherdi was transferred to the Yazd Central Prison. He has been in solitary confinement there since January 27, 2009. He was beaten in Yazd prison on May 5, 2009 after writing a letter to UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon . After his family and lawyer were revoked, he went on a hunger strike and was transferred to the Central Prison Hospital. Amnesty International feared at the time that he was not receiving adequate treatment there. For this reason, Amnesty International again called Urgent Action .

Demonstrations in 2006

In front of Borudscherdi's house near Azadi Square (Freedom Square), there were protracted protests by Borudscherdi's supporters who wanted to prevent arrest. According to the magazine Der Spiegel , General Morteza Talaie , the head of the law enforcement officers in Tehran, threatened to resign in a secret letter to those responsible in Tehran that was later published on the Internet if Borudscherdi would be arrested. Talaie has since resigned without giving any reason.

According to eyewitness reports, special forces, tanks, helicopters and tear gas were used when Borudscherdi was arrested in 2006. The information is also based on eyewitness reports that six people, including Borudscherdi's mother, died during the arrest. Along with Borudscherdi, 500 people are said to have been arrested, 120 of whom are still in prison. The Borudscherdis house is said to have been razed to the ground by construction vehicles.

death penalty

According to unconfirmed blog reports, Ayatollah Borudscherdi was sentenced to death on 30 counts, including abuse of clothing for clerics, along with 17 supporters by a special court for clergy established by Ayatollah Khomeini in 1987 . In a report broadcast on Iranian state television in March 2007 from Evin Prison, the physically weak and obviously tortured Borudscherdi was filmed making an alleged confession. In terms of their design, the circumstances of the filming and the secret trial were reminiscent of the Slansky trial in Stalinist Czechoslovakia . Also in March 2007 eyewitnesses to Borudscherdi’s appearance before the Special Court for Clerics (SCC) saw Borudscherdi weakened by the hunger strike since February. According to Amnesty International, which has already launched so-called urgent actions for Borudscherdi several times , Borudscherdi is not allowed to receive medical treatment in Evin Prison, even though he has Parkinson's disease , diabetes , high blood pressure and heart problems. He is said to have spat blood during the trial. The special court for the clergy in Tehran wanted to pass a judgment on him and 80 followers after June 14, 2007. The indictment, which was several hundred pages long, threw Borudscherdi, who sees himself as an apolitical person, and others. a. Endangering the security of the country, causing unrest and calling into question the Islamic order under Ayatollah Khamenei. In the letter, the prosecution called for the death penalty for him and 17 of his followers. However, no verdict has been published, and Borujerdi supporters believe that the original death penalty has been converted to an 11-year prison sentence, of which he spent ten years in Yazd prison.

Open letter to the United Nations

Ayatollah Boroujerdi wrote an open letter to the United Nations Human Rights Council on September 27, 2010 , calling on the UN to investigate the violations that are taking place in Iran and the Middle East as a result of religion's intervention in politics, and thus the way to prepare for a resolution that supports the separation of state and religion .

Urgent Actions by Amnesty International

Amnesty International called in September 2006, after the arrests on 28 September 2006, a so-called Urgent Action for Boroujerdi, Nader Khodadad and Nazim Nourbaksh and another 40 Trapped in which - according to Amnesty International - in Section 209 of Tehran's Evin Prison detained would. Evin Prison has been a prison for torture , alongside Ghazar Prison and Towhid Prison , since the time of the Shah but also under the religious leadership of Khomeini and Khamene'is . In the Urgent Action of 2007, Amnesty International also campaigns for Borudscherdi's son Sayed Mahdi Kazemeyni Boroujerdi and for the Mollas Massoud Samavatiyan , Alireza Montazer Sa'eb , Ali Shahrabi Farahani , Habib Qouti , Ahmad Karimiyan , and Majid Alastiein . Amnesty International also campaigns for the student Kianoosh Sanjari from the Iranian student group United Student Front , who was arrested after researching articles in his weblog about the arrest of Borudscherdi and demonstrating earlier - in 1999 - against the ban on the Salam newspaper . In November 2010, other Boroujerdi supporters were arbitrarily arrested - according to Amnesty International - the relatives are systematically left in the dark by the security forces in the dark about where the detainees are: the teacher Tayabeh Hosseini, the business graduate Narges Ghaffarzadeh, the student Forough Hematyar, the literary scholar Maryam Azimi, the chemistry professor Roya Eraqhi, the computer scientist Mohammad Reza Sadeghi and the civil engineer Mohammad Mehmannavaz. The latter was released after bail and torture in Ward 209 of Evin Prison in Tehran .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Letter from Borudscherdi to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, Javier Solana ( Memento of the original of August 16, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (in Persian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.irancpi.net
  2. ↑ Ayatollah Borujerdi: Iranians Are 'Opposed to the Politicization of Religion and its Exploitation by a Group That Has Nothing to Do With True Islam' ( MEMRI , October 13, 2006; translation by: إطبع هذه الصفحة ( Memento of March 12, 2007 in Internet Archive ))
  3. ↑ Navid Kermani: Beyond the red line ( PDF at navidkermani.de )
  4. ↑ a b c d e Nasrin Bassiri: Ayatollah critical of the regime faces the death penalty Spiegel Online, June 12, 2007
  5. ↑ a b Sadeq Saba: Iran arrests controversial cleric (English) , BBC News . October 8, 2006. 
  6. ↑ a b c Navid Kermani: Jenseits der rote Linie , In: Sueddeutsche Zeitung , 2007, No. 138, p. 13
  7. ↑ a b c d e Amnesty International: Arbitrary Arrests / Possible Nonviolent Political Prisoners Iran
  8. ↑ a b c Amnesty International , May 14, 2009: Urgent Action: clergyman abused in custody  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.iranhr.ch  
  9. ↑ Bameazadi Public Gallery of Bameazadi with photos of Borudscherdi ( Memento from May 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ a b c Amnesty International , May 19, 2009: Lack of medical care
  11. ↑ a b c Blog report by an English-Iranian blogger from Friday, June 15, 2007 ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mideastyouth.com
  12. ↑ Bameazadi: Photos by Hossein Kazemeyni Borudscherdi ( Memento from May 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  13. ↑ mardaninews  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. June 24, 2009@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / mardaninews.de  
  14. ↑ Borujederdi 's Open Letter to the Human Rights Council, (English: Boroujerdi's Open Letter to the UN Human Rights Council), with Boroujerdi's photo
  15. ↑ Amnesty International, Urgent Action: Detention without contact with the outside world ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.amnesty.de
  16. ↑ Kianoosh Sanjari's weblog (farsi)
  17. ↑ بند ۲۰۹ زندان اوین بر من چه گذشت ؟، کیانوش سنجری (Eng. What happened to me in Evin prison)  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (farsi)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.autnews.net  
  18. ↑ Amnesty International, Urgend Action, December 2010: Arbitrary Arrests , Iran, UA-255/2010, Index: MDE 13/112/2010
personal data
SURNAME Borudscherdi, Hossein Kazemeyni
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Borudscherdi, Sayyed Hossein Kazemeyni (full name); سيد حسين كاظمينی بروجردی (Persian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Iranian Ayatollah and author
DATE OF BIRTH 1957
PLACE OF BIRTH Tehran