Bear Claw silver candle
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Hogweed silver candle ( Actaea heracleifolia ) |
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| ( Com. ) J. Compton |
The hogweed silver candle ( Actaea heracleifolia ) is a species of plant in the genus Actaea within the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It is native to Asia.
description
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Appearance and foliage leaf
The hogweed silver candle is a tall, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 1 meter and more. As a permanent organ it forms a strong, blackish rhizome . The leafy stem is bare.
The leaves are alternate on the stem. The lowest leaves consist of an approximately 20 cm long, bare stalk and a double three-part leaf blade, which is roughly 20 cm wide and somewhat triangular. The terminal partial leaflet of the first order with a length of 6 to 12 cm and a width of 4 to 9 cm is obovate to obovate-elliptical with a rounded to almost heart-shaped base, a three-lobed tip and serrated edges. The two lateral sub-leaflets are smaller than the terminal one, usually obliquely ovate, leathery, glabrous and sparsely hairy, white and downy on the underside of the veins . The upper leaves are usually simply three-part.
Inflorescence and flower
The flowering period extends from August to September. There are many flowers in long, branched (two to nine branches), racemose inflorescences . The bracts are awl-shaped with a length of about 1 mm. The inflorescence rhachis and the 2 to 4 mm long pedicels are hairy downy gray and glandular.
The hermaphrodite flowers are about 5 mm in diameter. The yellowish-white sepals are 3 to 4 mm long and 2.5 to 3 mm wide, obovate-circular to broadly elliptical. The petals are with a length of 2.5 to 4 mm and a width of 1.6 to 2 mm elliptical with a white tip. The visual effect of the flowers is mainly due to the yellowish-white stamens . The thin stamens are 3 to 6 mm long and the anthers are ellipsoidal with a length of about 0.8 mm. The three to five free carpels are bare.
Fruit and seeds
On slim, about 1 mm long fruit stalks are follicles , which have a length of 5 to 6 mm and a diameter of 3 to 4 mm and contain only two seeds. The fruits ripen in August to October. There are membranous, scaly wings around the whole seed, which is usually about 3 mm in size.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
Occurrence
The hogweed silver candle originally comes from Manchuria , the Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol and Korea as well as Siberia . In China it thrives in scrub and on grassy slopes at altitudes between 0 and 1000 meters.
It grows on both light and heavy, both acidic and alkaline soils, provided that they are sufficiently moist and rich in nutrients. In Germany it is only grown in the Harz Mountains .
Systematics
The first description was in 1901 by Wladimir Leontjewitsch Komarow under the name Cimicifuga heracleifolia in Trudy Imperatorskago S.-Peterburgskago Botaničeskago Sada , 18 (3), pp. 438-439. Today it is assumed that the Cimicifuga species belong to the genus Actaea .
Medical benefit
The medical effects were examined.
The drugs from the "rhizome" have an antibacterial , antiviral, analgesic, antipyretic and calming effect . They are therefore an old home remedy for headache and throat pain, inflammation of the gums and other diseases. The roots are collected for this in autumn and can be used fresh or dried.
swell
- Wencai Wang, Dezhi Fu, Liang-Qian Li, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, Bryan E. Dutton, Michael G. Gilbert, Yuichi Kadota, Orbélia R. Robinson, Michio Tamura, Michael J. Warnock, Guanghua Zhu & Svetlana N Ziman: Ranunculaceae in the Flora of China , Volume 6, 2001, p. 145: Cimicifuga heracleifolia Komarov - Online. (Section Description and Occurrence)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Cimicifuga heracleifolia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Entry in Plants For A Future .
