Búðir
Búðir is located on the south side of the Snæfellsnes peninsula in Iceland . It is a hamlet that today only consists of a church and a hotel, but in the past it played an important role as a trading center.
Transport links
The hamlet of Búðir is located on an offshoot not far from road 54, which runs around the Snæfellsnes peninsula, between Staðarsveit and Arnarstapi , where road 574 continues, which goes around the tip of the peninsula.
In the west of Búðir, road 54 leads as a pass road over the Fróðárheiði plateau to Ólafsvík in the north of Snæfellsnes .
history
Trading center
For centuries Búðir was a very important trading center, which lasted until 1930.
In modern Icelandic this also fits the name of the place, which would mean something like shops .
Hraunhöfn
The place is already mentioned in one of the Icelandic sagas , the Eyrbyggja saga , but there still under its old name Hraunhafnarós or Hraunhöfn . This name comes from the fact that in the neighboring lava field Búðahraun there were some incisions that were considered to be particularly favorable landing sites. In the Middle Ages, boats were used here in these small bays and the boats could be pulled up high enough so that the winter storms would not damage them.
Winter fisherman
About 3 km from the present hotel is Frambúðir . There you can still see numerous ruins and remains of earlier buildings. The traces go back to the 16th century. There were winter fishing villages and trading establishments here. The name Búðir refers to the winter fishing villages, which are called verbúðir in Icelandic .
Danish trading post
Until the Reformation in the 16th century, the land around Búðir belonged to the Helgafell monastery on the north side of Snæfellsnes.
The Danish king then appropriated the land and, from the establishment of the Danish trade monopoly in 1602, granted trading rights to his merchants until the end of the 18th century. In particular, a merchant from the Swedish-Danish peninsula of Schonen , Bendt Lauridtsen , built a trading and fishing center here. At the end of the 16th century, 100 people lived here. Another important merchant and fisherman king of the area in the 18th century was Jakob Einarsson .
Problems at the end of the 18th century
At the end of the 18th century, Snæfellsnes also suffered greatly from the effects of the Laki volcanic eruptions . In addition, there was a significant storm surge, the so-called Bátsendaflóð in January 1799. Then the village was moved further inland to the place where buildings still stand today.
In the 19th century
Wealthy merchants continued to work here. One of them, Holger Clausen , even had a stone house built in 1836, which was unusual for Iceland at the time. After some renovations, the house stood until 2001 when it burned down, and was last used as a summer hotel.
In the 20th century
In 1906 Finnbógi G. Lárússon bought the land and continued the business. He also maintained a fishing business until 1926 and a large farm.
Then the state took over the site.
Today's Hotel Búðir was built in 2003, but its architecture is based on the style of the old stone house.
church
The first church was built in Búðir in 1703 by the merchant Bendt Lauridtsen with the support of Bishop Jón Víðalín von Skálholt . This church existed until 1816.
A new church was not built on site until 1848. It was renovated in the 20th century and relocated in one piece. Today it is listed as one of the oldest wooden churches in Iceland.
In it there is a winged altar from 1750 with the image of the Last Supper painted on wood.
Búðahraun lava field
The lava field is west of the church and hotel. It is about 5,000 years old and flowed out of the Búðaklettur crater, which is part of the Snæfellsjökull volcanic system .
In old sources the lava field is still called Klettshraun . The rounded crater in its center is called Búðaklettur . It is 88 m high. It is believed that the lava flowed here when the water level in the sea was lower than it is today, so that the lava flowed largely over dry land. Today the sea level is so high that seawater can be seen in many crevices and pools in the lava field during storm and spring tides.
There are several cuts and bays in the lava field, including Keflavík - a common name in Iceland - and Selavík . The latter is not wrongly named Seal Bay.
Many lava channels and caves can be found in the lava field, including the largest, called Búðahellir or Klettshellir . There are numerous legends about this cave, e.g. B. that a farm worker got lost in it and came to light again in the Surtshellir on the Arnarvatnsheiði , approx. 200 km away. An escaped criminal came to the surface on the Reykjanes peninsula behind Reykjavík , direct route approx. 150 km. One cat only made it to Búðarós, about 5 km away . After all, the stories are suspiciously reminiscent of Jules Verne's most famous novel about the area Journey to the Center of the Earth .
Several hornitos indicate that the land was probably not completely dry when the lava poured out.
Geologists appreciate the lava field for its rocks composed of three types of rock: olivine , feldspar and pyroxene .
It has been a nature reserve since 1977, as it also has flora that is unusual for Iceland , around 130 different plant species, including 16 species of fern .
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Vegahandbókin. Ed. Landmælingar Íslands, 2006, 245.
- ↑ a b Einar H. Kristjánsson: Lýsing Snæfellsness frá Löngufjörum að Ólafsvíkurenni. Ferðafélag Íslands, árbók 1982. 1982, 55
- ^ HU Schmid: Dictionary Icelandic - German. Buske, Hamburg, 34
- ↑ a b c Íslandshandbókin. Náttúra, saga og sérkenni. 1. bindi. Edited by T. Einarsson, H. Magnússon. Örn og Örlygur, Reykjavík 1989, 156
- ↑ a b c d e f Einar H. Kristjánsson: Lýsing Snæfellsness frá Löngufjörum að Ólafsvíkurenni. Ferðafélag Íslands, árbók 1982. 1982, 56
- ↑ a b Einar H. Kristjánsson: Lýsing Snæfellsness frá Löngufjörum að Ólafsvíkurenni. Ferðafélag Íslands, árbók 1982. 1982, 57
- ↑ cf. Listed Buildings in Iceland (Icelandic); Accessed August 11, 2011
- ↑ see: Einar H. Kristjánsson: Lýsing Snæfellsness frá Löngufjörum að Ólafsvíkurenni. Ferðafélag Íslands, árbók 1982. 1982, 57-61
Coordinates: 64 ° 49 ′ N , 23 ° 23 ′ W