Bachschmidhaus

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The Bachschmidhaus is a commercial and residential building with the address Residenzplatz 1 , Klostersteige 17 or Königstraße 28 in Kempten (Allgäu) . Until the economic miracle , the department store in the immediate vicinity of the Weidlehaus with its specialist shops was a symbol of quality and exclusivity in the city and region.

history

The Bachschmidhaus on Residenzplatz

Munich influences

1898 bought Munich Michael Hurler two estate offering addresses Klostersteige 17 (Walch'sches property) and Residence Square 1. The building at the Klostersteige belonged to a grocer , on Residence Square there were the small, simply built retail shops of the Short stands.

The demolition work began on March 11, 1898 after an agreement on plans, construction management and execution with the Kempten architect and sculptor Robert Riester, while preserving part of the medieval city fortification that is now a listed building (probably parts of the city wall and the fence in front of it) . The shops should be available by November 1st of the same year, the apartments by August 1st of the following year. The construction costs were estimated at 150,000 marks, but the construction work could only be carried out “in the best materials, first quality and in the most dignified manner according to all the rules of art and craft”.

On March 29, the architect Riester handed over his plans for the new building opposite the Princely Residence to the municipal building authorities. He explained the plan to the administrators that the sketch of the building would represent a worthy end to the upper Residenzplatz and that the building with the baroque ensemble of the Residenz, the former collegiate church of St. Lorenz and the Kornhaus would be a worthy representation.

The building had three wings and a late neo -renaissance facade as a counterpart to the residence. The contrast was reinforced by the 4/8-cornered bay window with double onion hood and the triangular and segmented gables . After the city building authority criticized the wall length of over 18 meters between Klostersteige and Königstraße, the client abandoned his plans and offered the property for sale.

Resurgence of the blueprints

The master watchmaker Johann Georg Bachschmid (1851–1931) from Kempten showed interest and had long thought of merging his business with an apartment. The property on Residenzplatz was suitable for this, which Bachschmid also recognized. Bachschmid could also fall back on the architect Riester and his old plans and calculations. A fixed price was no longer negotiated, only unit prices for certain materials and work were given in the contract. Bachschmid wanted to pay for the investment - in addition to the equity he had to take out a loan - through rental income: He planned six to eight shops on the ground floor, 12 apartments and two rooms spread over the four floors.

In later years the distinctive gable and the double onion hood were dismantled, mainly for structural reasons. The building was given its current appearance around 1960 as part of a large-scale redesign, including the facade. A major renovation took place in 2003. In the years 2015 to 2019, the entire property was completely overhauled.

Tenants and shops

A planned restaurant was initially moved from the ground floor to the first floor for structural reasons. For financial reasons, Bachschmid decided to rent the rooms to a businessman named Ferdinand Zintl, who got a contract on August 1, 1899 and was the first tenant. On October 22nd, the owner Zintl opened the Fillisch department store on Residenzplatz. Since then it has been one of the largest fashion department stores in Kempten. The department store advertised on postcards in Art Nouveau style with the words “Biggest department store in the Allgäu” .

Presumably in the years 1899 to 1901, the later nun of the Franciscan Sisters, Maria Fidelis Weiß (née Eleonore Weiß), completed the process of beatification initiated in 1936 by Pope Benedict XVI. was awarded the heroic degree of virtue on June 1, 2007, training as a saleswoman in the Fillisch department store.

The department store developed very well economically. In 1906, at the age of 43, the owner moved to Munich as a privateer with his family and continued the business from there. A doll's house that Ferdinand Zintl bought for his daughters and modeled on the department store can be viewed in the Bavarian State Museum (Munich).

On March 24, 1930, the business was sold to the businessman Jakob Mannheimer, who had to give it up at the beginning of 1938 due to the reprisals against Jewish business owners by the Nazis that began in 1933 and who emigrated to New York with his wife on March 15, 1939. On March 1, 1938, the Oberpaur brothers opened a fashion house for men's clothing in the business premises, which was continued under a different name and ownership until January 2016.

In the Bachschmidhaus there were also two shoe shops from 1899, both run by the Kohn family and referred to as "beim Jud Kohn" ("with the Jew Kohn"). The family was known as benefactors in Kempten. On April 1, 1933, the Sturmabteilung (SA) moved in front of the store and raised the mood against the family. After the Reichspogromnacht , the Kohns had to cede the business operations below the market price to the competition. Almost all family members were deported to concentration and extermination camps and killed, only Bruno Kohn survived imprisonment in the Theresienstadt concentration camp and resumed business in the traditional rooms after the war. He ran the shoe business until the early 1970s. Stumbling blocks remind of the deported merchants.

In 2004 Foto Bachschmid gave up the business. The reason for the closure was a decline in sales due to the increasing online trade, including digital cameras . Other branches of the business, which was founded in 1845, were in Memmingen and Augsburg .

In addition to apartment tenants, the Bachschmidhaus is currently home to doctors, lawyers, financial and other service providers, retailers, restaurants, sales and administration offices and a health insurance company.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Werner Scharrer: Residenzplatz 1 (Bachschmid House) In: Allgäuer Geschichtsfreund. No. 106, Kempten 2006, pp. 73f.
  2. ↑ a b c Werner Scharrer: Residenzplatz 1 (Bachschmid House) In: Allgäuer Geschichtsfreund. No. 106, Kempten 2006, p. 78f.
  3. ↑ a b Werner Scharrer: Residenzplatz 1 (Bachschmid House) In: Allgäuer Geschichtsfreund. No. 106, Kempten 2006, p. 83f.
  4. ↑ Werner Scharrer: Residenzplatz 1 (Bachschmid House) In: Allgäuer Geschichtsfreund. No. 106, Kempten 2006, p. 85f.
  5. ^ Sister M. Fidelis Weiß In: Fidelisblatt , 1984 (accessed on March 7, 2015)
  6. ^ Sister Fidelis In: Sister Maria Fidelis Weiß OSFr. (accessed on March 7, 2015)
  7. ↑ Werner Scharrer: Residenzplatz 1 (Bachschmid House) In: Allgäuer Geschichtsfreund. No. 106, Kempten 2006, p. 89.
  8. ↑ Small department store makes it big In: all-in.de , December 7, 2005 (accessed March 8, 2015)
  9. ^ "Kaufhaus Zintl" dolls house  in the German Digital Library (accessed on March 8, 2015)
  10. ↑ Small department store makes it big In: all-in.de , December 7, 2005 (accessed March 8, 2015)
  11. ↑ Mathilde Kohn from Kempten followed her children to the concentration camp with 84. In: all-in.de , May 25, 2011 (accessed on August 24, 2014)
  12. ↑ Kempten shoe shop owner and her ordeal in Nazi times. In: all-in.de , April 15, 2011 (accessed on March 11, 2015)
  13. ↑ Insight and Perspectives - Current Challenges in Schooling Theming of National Socialism and the Holocaust. ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Bavarian magazine for politics and history. Special issue 1/08, Augsburg 2008, p. 27 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.blz.bayern.de
  14. ↑ Bachschmid closes after 160 years. In: all-in.de , May 27, 2004 (accessed on August 24, 2014)

literature

  • Werner Scharrer: Residenzplatz 1 (Bachschmid House). In: Allgäu history friend. No. 106, Kempten 2006.

Web links

Commons : Bachschmidhaus  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 47 ° 43 ′ 38.9 ″  N , 10 ° 18 ′ 48.4 ″  E