Baeocystin
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| General | ||||||||||
| Surname | Baeocystin | |||||||||
| other names |
N -Norpsilocybin |
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| Molecular formula | C 11 H 15 N 2 O 4 P | |||||||||
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| properties | ||||||||||
| Molar mass | 270.22 g mol −1 | |||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
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| Melting point |
245-258 ° C |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | ||||||||||
Baeocystin is an indole alkaloid found in certain hallucinogenic mushrooms , usually as a minor alkaloid to psilocybin . It belongs to the group of psychedelic acting tryptamines and is chemically with those found in hallucinogenic mushrooms drugs psilocin and norbaeocystin related.
General
Baeocystin belongs to the tryptamine group and is N -Norpsilocybin (Nor = desmethyl ), so it is an N -onomethyltryptamine. The substance is considered little researched. It occurs in alkaloid mixtures (for example with psilocybin).
history
Baeocystin was first isolated from Psilocybe baeocystis in 1968 . In the following years the substance could be isolated from the fungi listed below (see occurrence ).
Occurrence
Baeocystin occurs among other things in the types of mushrooms of the bald heads such as the blue-colored bald head and the pointed conical bald head . It also occurs in the following types:
- Conocybe cyanopus
- Conocybe smithii
- Copelandia chlorocystis
- Copelandia cyanescens
- Gymnopilus purpuratus
- Inocybe aeruginascens
- Inocybe coelestium
- Inocybe cordyalina
- Inocybe cerinaceomorpha
- Inocybe haemacta
- Panaeolus antillarum
- Panaeolus subbalteatus
- Pluteus salicinus
- Psathyrella candolleana
- Psilocybe baeocystis
- Psilocybe bohemica
- Psilocybe cubensis (Cuban deer)
- Psilocybe cyanescens
- Psilocybe germanica
- Psilocybe liniformans
- Psilocybe pelliculosa
- Psilocybe samuiensis
- Psilocybe semilanceata
- Psilocybe silvatica
- Psilocybe stuntzii
- Psilocybe subcubensis
Effect and pharmacodynamics
Baeocystin is considered a precursor in the biosynthesis of psilocybin. A psychotropic effectiveness of baeocystin could not be proven so far.
literature
- Jochen Gartz: sponges for fools. Psychoactive mushrooms around the world. Nachtschattenverlag, Solothurn 1999, ISBN 3-907080-54-8 .
- DB Repke, DT Leslie, G. Guzman: Baeocystin in Psilocybe, Conocybe and Panaeolus. In: Lloydia . Volume 40, 1977, pp. 566-578. PMID 600026 .
Web links
- Andreas Kelich: Baeocystin (German)
- About Albert Hofmann (English)
- Video: Psilocybe spp. in medical application with Jochen Gartz , lecture at the Entheovision Congress 2004
- Video: "50 years of mushroom experience" with Christian Rätsch
- Video: Magic Mushroom - Lecture by Joachim Eul in Mannheim, 2005
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry on psilocybin. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on May 30, 2014.
- ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
- ^ AY Leung, AG Paul: Baeocystin and norbaeocystin: new analogs of psilocybin from Psilocybe baeocystis. In: J. Pharm. Sci. Volume 57, 1968, pp. 1667-1671. PMID 5684732 .
- ^ J. Gartz, G. Wiedemann: Discovery of a new caerulescent Psilocybe mushroom in Germany: Psilocybe germanica sp.nov. In: Drug Testing and Analysis. 2015. doi: 10.1002 / dta.1795 (free full text).
- ↑ Thomas Geschwinde: Drugs: Market forms and modes of action . Springer DE, 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-72045-4 , pp. 170 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ Rudolf Hänsel, Konstantin Keller, Horst Rimpler: Hager's handbook of pharmaceutical practice . Springer DE, 1994, ISBN 3-540-52639-0 , pp. 293 ( limited preview in Google Book search).