Basella

Basella
	Indian spinach ( Basella alba )
Systematics
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Eudicotyledons
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order :	Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family :	Basellaceae (Basellaceae)
Genre :	Basella
Scientific name
	Basella
	L.

Basella is a genus within the family of basellaceae (Basellaceae). One type, the Indian spinach ( Basella alba ), is cultivated as a vegetable in the tropics almost worldwide.

description

Indian spinach ( Basella alba ), blooming

Vegetative characteristics

The Basella species are twining, annual or biennial, herbaceous plants . The slender stems are glabrous and fleshy. The alternately arranged leaves are entire and succulent.

Generative characteristics

The sessile flowers are arranged in lateral, spiked inflorescences with a long and thick spindle. The three bracts are small, the two bracts per flower are fused with the urn-shaped flower envelope .

The hermaphrodite flowers are radially symmetrical and five-fold. The five sepals are scale-shaped, often pink, red or white. A corolla is missing. The five stamens have grown together at the base. The short stamens are free, the anthers are fixed dorsally. The ovary is above and sessile. There are three styluses and usually three straight scars .

The berry-like stone fruits are covered by the permanent and often fleshy calyx. The seeds are rounded.

distribution

Of the five species, only one is widespread in Africa and Asia. One species is distributed from tropical southeast to southern Africa. Three only occur in Madagascar. Basella alba is cultivated worldwide in the tropics.

Systematics

The genus Basella was established in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , 1, page 272. Is the type species Basella rubra L. , which is a synonym of Basella alba L. is. A synonym for Basella L. is Gandola Rumph. ex Raf.

Basella is a genus within the Basellaceae family .

There are about five species in the genus Basella :

Indian spinach or Malabar spinach ( Basella alba L. , Syn .: Basella rubra L. , Basella cananifolia Buch.-Ham. Ex Wall. Nom. Nud., Basella cordifolia Lam. , Basella crassifolia Salisb. , Basella japonica Burm. F. , basella lucida L. , basella nigra Lour. , basella oleracea Alef. nom. Superfl., basella ramosa J.Jacq. ex Spreng. , basella rubra var. virescens MOQ. , basella volubilis Salisb. , basella alba var. cordifolia (Lam. ) MRAlmeida , Basella alba var. Subcordata Hassk. , Basella alba var. Subrotunda Moq. ): It is native to tropical Asia and is grown worldwide in the tropics.

Basella excavata Elliot : It occurs only in western and southern Madagascar .

Basella leandriana H.Perrier : It only occurs in Madagascar.

Basella madagascariensis Boivin ex H.Perrier : It occurs only in Madagascar.

Basella paniculata Volkens : It occurs from southern Kenya to KwaZulu-Natal .

use

The Indian spinach ( Basella alba ) is used worldwide in the tropics as a vegetable.

proof

literature

Dequan Lu, Michael G. Gilbert: Basellaceae Moquin Tandon. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-27-X . Basella , p. 445 online with the same text as the printed work.
Kamal Akhter Malik: Basellaceae. In Flora of Pakistan , Volume 161, Karachi, 1984, p. 1. Basella at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 28, 2020.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Dequan Lu, Michael G. Gilbert: Basellaceae Moquin Tandon. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-27-X . Basella , p. 445 online with the same text as the printed work.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Kamal Akhter Malik: Basellaceae. In Flora of Pakistan , Volume 161, Karachi, 1984, p. 1. Basella at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 28, 2020.
↑ ^a ^b Basella at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed October 24, 2018.
^ ^A ^b Basella in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 24, 2018.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Basella. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 24, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Basella - collection of images, videos and audio files

[FoC-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Dequan Lu, Michael G. Gilbert: Basellaceae Moquin Tandon. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-27-X . Basella , p. 445 online with the same text as the printed work.

[FoPakistan-2] Kamal Akhter Malik: Basellaceae. In Flora of Pakistan , Volume 161, Karachi, 1984, p. 1. Basella at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 28, 2020.

[Tropicos-3] Basella at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed October 24, 2018.

[GRIN-4] A ^b Basella in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 24, 2018.

[WCSP-5] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Basella. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 24, 2018.