Benedict Stilling

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Benedict Stilling

Benedict Stilling , also Benedikt Stilling (born March 16, 1810 in Kirchhain , Westphalia , † January 28, 1879 in Kassel ) was a German surgeon and neuroanatomist .

Life

Benedict Stilling was the son and first child of Jakob Benedict Stilling, born in 1770 as Jakob Benedict, a merchant, and Veilchen Samuel (* 1786). He received private lessons in Latin and Greek from , among others, the philosopher and Protestant theologian Karl Wilhelm Justi . From 1828 to 1832 Stilling studied medicine in Marburg . From 1831 he assisted at the surgical clinic there. In 1832 he received his doctorate. In 1833 he worked for Christoph Ullmann (1772–1849), but then ended his academic career and from 1834 worked as the first Jewish regional court surgeon at the Kassel regional court.

When he was about to be transferred in 1840, he resigned and went first to Paris, where he met various famous doctors of his time, e. As with Claude Bernard , Charles-Edouard Brown-Sequard and Jean-Martin Charcot . He spent most of his life in different cities (in addition to Paris also in London, Edinburgh and Vienna), but always returned to Kassel, where he also died.

Stilling created new surgical methods, developed anatomical techniques, laid the foundations for modern neuroanatomy with his research on the spinal cord, and examined the brain. He performed the first ovariotomy in Germany in 1837 to avoid internal bleeding extraperitoneally . His publication on it appeared in 1841. For a long time he was the only one in Germany who mastered this operation. He developed the freezing method in 1842 and was thus one of the pioneers of microtome development . The Stilling canal is named after Stilling , a narrow passage in the vitreous humor of the eye between the blind spot and the lens of the eye .

The pathologist Heinrich Stilling and the ophthalmologist Jakob Stilling were his sons. In 1865 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

Writings (excerpts)

  • The artificial pupillary formation in the sclerotica. Marburg 1833.
  • Physiological, pathological and medical-practical examinations on spinal irritation. Leipzig 1840.
  • “History of an extirpation of a pathologically enlarged ovary along with some remarks about this operation. General and physiological and pathogenetic discussions about vomiting etc. ”In: Holscher's Hannöverschen Annalen der Gesamt Heilkunde. NF, Volume I, 1841.
  • "Investigations into the functions of the spinal cord and nerves. With special reference to J. van Deen's essays, on the physiology of the spinal cord, etc. ”. Leipzig, 1842.
  • with BF Wallach: "Investigations into the texture of the spinal cord and nerves". Leipzig, 1842.
  • "About the medulla oblongata". Erlangen, 1843.
  • "Investigations into the structure and functions of the brain".
    • I: “About the construction of the brain node or the Barolic Bridge” (along with 22 copper plates, also in Latin), Jena, 1846.
  • "Anatomical and microscopic investigations into the finer structure of nerves and primitive fibers and the nerve cell". Frankfurt a. M., 1856.
  • "New investigations into the structure of the spinal cord with an atlas of microscopic images of 30 lithographed plates together with a large blackboard"., Large folio, 5 deliveries, Cassel, 1857-1859.
  • "Investigations into the structure of the small human brain".
    • Volume I: "Investigations into the structure of the little tongue and its hemisphere parts with atlas of 9 panels". Kassel, 1864.
    • Volume II: "Investigations into the construction of the central lobule and the wings with 5 panels". Kassel, 1867.
    • Volume III: "Investigations into the structure of the mountain and the anterior upper lobes, as well as the organization of the central white medullary substance of the cerebellum and its gray nuclei and the central origins and tracts of the cerebellar legs, namely the connecting arms, the bridge arms and the rope-shaped bodies" . Kassel, 1878.

literature

  • Julius Leopold Pagel :  Stilling, Benedict . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 36, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, pp. 247-249.
  • Bernd Ottermann: Benedict Stilling (1810–1879): District court surgeon in Cassel. In: Würzburger medical history reports 4, 1986, pp. 253–287.
  • Adolf Kussmaul : Dr. Benedict breastfeeding. Commemorative speech given at the fifty-second meeting of German naturalists and doctors in Baden-Baden on September 18, 1879. Karl J. Trübner, Strasbourg 1879.
  • Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Stilling, Benedict. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1361.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg: Best. 305a, AI 2, No. 13/14/16 (civil status protocol of the city of Kirchhain)
  2. ↑ Bernd Ottermann: Benedict Stilling (1810–1879): District court surgeon in Cassel. In: Würzburger medical historical reports 4, 1986, pp. 253–287; here: pp. 253–255.
  3. ↑ Bernd Ottermann (1986), pp. 255-258
  4. ↑ Bernd Ottermann (1986)
  5. ↑ Gerhard Aumüller : Benedict Stillings (1810–1879) Investigations into the spinal cord - a turning point in neuroanatomical research. In: Medical History Journal. Volume 19, 1984, pp. 53-69.
  6. ↑ amuseum.de (PdF; 736 kB)
  7. ^ List of members Leopoldina, Benedict Stilling
personal data
SURNAME Stilling, Benedict
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stilling, Benedict
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German surgeon and neuroanatomist
DATE OF BIRTH March 16, 1810
PLACE OF BIRTH Kirchhain , Westphalia
DATE OF DEATH January 28, 1879
Place of death kassel