Berberidopsidaceae

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Berberidopsidaceae
Berberidopsis corallina, illustration.

Berberidopsis corallina , illustration.

Systematics
Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Berberidopsidales
Family : Berberidopsidaceae
Scientific name
Berberidopsidaceae
Takht.

The Berberidopsidaceae are a small family in the order of the Berberidopsidales within the flowering plants (Magnoliopsida). They have a disjoint area , only found in Chile and eastern Australia .

description

They are evergreen , climbing shrubs with sympodial branching. The alternate and spirally arranged, stalked leaves are simple. The leaf margins are smooth or serrated. Stipules are missing.

The flowers are solitary or in racemose inflorescences . The flowers are mostly hermaphroditic. The structure of the flowers is very different in the three species (see the individual species). Sometimes are bloom clearly differentiated into sepals and petals, sometimes they go from outside to inside of sepals to petals slowly, they are usually spirally arranged. There is a discus. There can be six to many stamens . There are berries formed (beer-like fruit).

Systematics

These three species belonged to the earlier Flacourtiaceae family.

There are only two genera and only three species in the Berberidopsidaceae family :

  • Berberidopsis Hook. f. : The bracts are arranged helically and not differentiated into sepals and petals. There are eight to 13 stamens . With only two types:
    • Berberidopsis beckleri ( F.Muell. ) Veldkamp : It isnative toeastern Australia ( New South Wales and Queensland ). The simple leaves, stalked about 20 mm long, are usually 3 to 6 cm long, rarely up to 9 cm long and 2 to 5 cm wide. The flowers are usually single in the leaf axils on an approximately 20 mm long peduncle. The hermaphrodite flower is fivefold. The 15 to 18 bracts are 2 to 8 mm long; the outer ones are dark pink towards the inside they gradually become lighter up to the inner white ones. The 12 to 13 stamens are about 3 mm long, with no stamens recognizable, so the anthers are practically sitting. The stylus is about 2 to 3 mm long. The egg-shaped berry is about 20 mm long, first turns red, turns black later, is surrounded by the calyx at the base and contains 100 to 120 seeds.
    • Berberidopsis corallina Hook. f. : This rare species is endemic to the coastal cordillera in Chile between Cauquenes and Llanquihue (in Region VII = Región del Maule to X) up to an altitude of 700 meters. It is an evergreen climbing shrub that reaches heights of growth of 15 to 20 m. The alternate, short-stalked, simple leaves have a 4 to 12 × 3 to 5 cm leaf blade with a serrated leaf margin. Two to three hermaphrodite flowers are grouped together in a racemose inflorescence. The long flower stalks are red. 9 to 15 bright red bracts form the flower envelope. There are eight stamens. The reddish berries contain 12 to 24 seeds. Occasionally this species is used as an ornamental plant . It has the chromosome number 2n = about 42.
  • Streptothamnus F. Muell. : It is a monotypical genus, with the only species:
    • Streptothamnus moorei F. Muell. : It is native to eastern Australia (New South Wales and Queensland). The 20 to 30 mm long, stalked, simple leaves are 6 to 12 cm long and 4 to 12 cm wide. The hermaphrodite flower is five-fold with double perianth . The flower stalk is 20 to 30 mm long. The light pink to cream colored petals are 5 to 7 mm long. The approximately 70 stamens have 4 to 7 mm long filaments and about 2 mm long anthers . The stylus is 2.5 mm long. The black berry is about 20 mm long, surrounded by the calyx at the base and contains 20 to 25 seeds.

swell

  • The order of the Berberidopsidales on the AP website. (Section description, distribution and systematics).
  • Klaus Kubitzki: Berberidopsidaceae. In: Klaus Kubitzki (Ed.): The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume 9: Flowering Plants. Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales, Fabales pp, Geraniales, Gunnerales, Myrtales pp, Proteales, Saxifragales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Clusiaceae Alliance, Passifloraceae Alliance, Dilleniaceae, Huaceae, Picramniaceae, Sabiaceae. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-32214-6 , pp. 33-35, doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-32219-1_7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Berberidopsis corallina at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

Web links

Commons : Berberidopsidaceae  - Collection of images, videos and audio files