Bismuth (V) fluoride

Crystal structure
__ Bi 5+      __ F -
Crystal system	tetragonal
Space group	I 4 / m (No. 87)
General
Surname	Bismuth (V) fluoride
other names	Bismuth pentafluoride
Ratio formula	BiF 5
Brief description	white solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 7787-62-4 EC number 232-125-3 ECHA InfoCard 100.029.205 PubChem 123260 Wikidata Q965955
properties
Molar mass	303.97 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	5.40 g cm −3
Melting point	151 ° C
boiling point	230 ° C
Sublimation point	550 ° C
solubility	reacts with water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 272-314 P: 220-280-305 + 351 + 338-310
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−887.0 kJ mol −1
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Bismuth (V) fluoride is an inorganic chemical compound of bismuth from the group of fluorides .

Extraction and presentation

Bismuth (V) fluoride can be obtained by reacting bismuth (III) fluoride or bismuth with fluorine at temperatures above 500 ° C or 600 ° C.

${\displaystyle {\ce {BiF3 + F2 -> BiF5}}}$

${\displaystyle {\ce {2Bi + 5F2 -> 2BiF5}}}$

properties

Bismuth (V) fluoride is a white, very moisture-sensitive, crystalline solid. It immediately turns yellow to brown in moist air. It sometimes reacts with water with the appearance of fire, with the formation of ozone and bismuth (III) fluoride. Above 50 ° C it reacts with paraffin oil . It has a tetragonal crystal structure with the space group I 4 / m (space group no. 87) and forms a structure with linear chains. It is an extremely strong fluorinating agent and forms hexafluorobismutate (V) M [BiF ₆ ] with alkali metal fluorides . With xenon difluoride as a strong fluoride donor, various ionic compounds are formed in a fluoride transfer reaction, depending on the mixing ratio.

${\displaystyle {\ce {2XeF2 + BiF5 -> [Xe2F3][BiF6]}}}$

${\displaystyle {\ce {XeF2 + BiF5 -> [XeF][BiF6]}}}$

${\displaystyle {\ce {XeF2 + 2BiF5 -> [XeF][Bi2F{11}]}}}$

use

Bismuth (V) fluoride is used as a fluorinating agent.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} data sheet Bismuth (V) fluoride, 99.9% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on September 23, 2013 ( PDF ).
2. ^ ^{A b c} Dale L. Perry: Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Second Edition . Taylor & Francis US, 2011, ISBN 1-4398-1462-7 , pp. 483 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Georg Brauer , with the assistance of Marianne Baudler a . a. (Ed.): Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry . 3rd, revised edition. tape I . Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , pp. 219 .
4. ^ AF Holleman , N. Wiberg : Inorganische Chemie . 103rd edition. Volume 1: Basics and main group elements. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-049585-0 , p. 952 (reading sample: Part A - Basics of the chemistry of hydrogen. Google book search ).
5. ^ Jean d'Ans, Ellen Lax, Roger Blachnik: Pocket book for chemists and physicists . Springer DE, 1998, ISBN 3-642-58842-5 , pp. 336 f . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
6. ^ AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 101st edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9 , p. 816.
7. ↑ Erwin Riedel, Christoph Janiak: Inorganic Chemistry . Walter de Gruyter, 2011, ISBN 3-11-022566-2 , p. 511 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
8. ^ Ralf Steudel : Chemistry of the non-metals . Syntheses - Structures - Binding - Use. 4th edition. Walter de Gruyter , Berlin / Boston 2014, ISBN 978-3-11-030439-8 , pp. 570 .