Bismuth selenide

Crystal structure
__ Bi 3+      __ Se 2−
General
Surname	Bismuth selenide
other names	Bismuth (III) selenide Dibismuth triselenide
Ratio formula	Bi 2 Se 3
Brief description	black solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 12068-69-8 EC number 235-104-7 ECHA InfoCard 100.031.901 PubChem 6379269 Wikidata Q410462
properties
Molar mass	654.84 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	7.51 g cm −3
Melting point	710 ° C
solubility	almost insoluble in water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 301-331-373-410 P: 261-273-301 + 310-311-501
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−127.6 kJ mol −1
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Bismuth selenide is an inorganic chemical compound of bismuth from the group of selenides .

Occurrence

Bismuth selenide occurs naturally in the form of the mineral paraguanajuatite . Guanajuatite also contains bismuth selenide and an additional 6.6% sulfur .

Extraction and presentation

Bismuth selenide can be obtained by reacting bismuth with selenium .

${\displaystyle {\ce {2 Bi + 3 Se -> Bi2Se3}}}$

properties

Bismuth selenide is a black solid with a metallic sheen. It is a semiconductor with a trigonal crystal structure and the space group R 3 m (space group no. 166) . An orthorhombic modification with the space group Pnma (No. 62) is also known, the structure of which corresponds to that of bismuth (III) sulfide . Bismuth selenide has recently made an appearance in the specialist field due to its property as a topological insulator . As a topological surface condition, it forms an almost ideal Dirac cone, similar to the graph .

use

Bismuth selenide is used in the semiconductor industry for the production of thin films and magnetoresistive layers.

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Paperback for chemists and physicists . Springer DE, 1997, ISBN 3-540-60035-3 , pp. 340 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} data sheet Bismuth selenide, granular (melted), 99.999% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on October 16, 2012 ( PDF ).
3. ↑ DR Lide (Ed.): Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 2009, 90th edition, CRC Press.
4. ^ ^{A b} Dale L. Perry: Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. 2011, Taylor & Francis US, ISBN 143981461-9 , p. 488 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
5. ↑ M. Binnewies, E. Milke: Thermochemical Data of Elements and Compunds . 2nd Edition. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2002, ISBN 3-527-30524-6 , pp. 167 .
6. ↑ JW Anthony, RA Bideaux, KW Bladh, M C. Nichols: Paraguanajuatit. In: Handbook of Mineralogy. 1990, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson ( online, pdf ).
7. ↑ JW Anthony, RA Bideaux, KW Bladh, M C. Nichols: Guanajuatit. In: Handbook of Mineralogy. 1990, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson ( online, pdf ).
8. ↑ Manuel P. Soriaga, John Stickney, Lawrence A. Bottomley, Youn-Geun Kim: Thin Films: Preparation, Characterization, Applications . Springer, 2002, ISBN 0-306-47335-6 , pp. 167 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
9. ↑ EY Atabaeva, SA Mashkov, SV Popova: The crystal structure of a new modification of Bi ₂ Se ₃ . In: Kristallografiya , 18, 1973, pp. 173-174.
10. ↑ Y. Xia et al .: Topological insulators in Bi ₂ Se ₃ , Bi ₂ Te ₃ and Sb ₂ Te ₃ with a single Dirac cone on the surface . In: Nature Phys. tape 5 , 2009, p. 438-442 , doi : 10.1038 / nphys1270 .