Bollweiler pear

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Bollweiler pear
Johann Prokop Mayer: Bollweiler pear, 1779

Johann Prokop Mayer: Bollweiler pear, 1779

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Pyreae
Sub tribus : Pome fruit family (Pyrinae)
Genre : x Sorbopyrus
Type : Bollweiler pear
Scientific name
x Sorbopyrus irregularis
( Münchh. ) CAWimm.

The Bollweiler pearSorbopyrus irregularis ( Münchh. ) CAWimm. ) Or rose hip pear ( especially in Thuringia also Hambutten pear ), as a variety also called Shipova , is a hybrid of the cultivated pear ( Pyrus communis ) and the mountain ash species real whitebeam ( Sorbus aria ). It is a tree 10–18 m high, not known in the wild, with deciduous, 6–10 cm long and 4–6 cm wide elliptical leaves. The fruit is an edible apple fruit 2.5–3 cm long and 2–3 cm wide with a sweet and sour tasting, yellow flesh with an aromatic odor. The shape of the fruits, which also reach a diameter of 5 cm, ranges from apple-shaped to pear-shaped to rose hip-shaped.

history

The Bollweiler pear was first described by Johann Bauhin (1541-1612) as Pirus Polvilleriana (in his posthumously published History of Plants ), who shared the 1599 between her parents (see below) in the castle garden of the Barons von Bollwiller ("Pollwiller") in Upper Alsace The plant found by Freiherr von Bollweiler had been shown by this. Since then it has been propagated by grafting, as it is largely sterile and only rarely produces germinable seeds. It was widespread in the 18th century and is rare today. In the "Pomological Cabinet" of Friedrich Justin Bertuch , the Bollweiler pear is referred to as Hambute and Azarolbirn . In 1834 a seedling was discovered in Paris' Jardin du Roi , which was named 'Malifolia'. Later, other slightly different offspring were obtained.

"Shipova"

nomenclature

The generic name Sorbopyrus was formed by Camillo Karl Schneider in 1906 from " Sorbus " and " Pyrus ". The only species in this genus has numerous synonyms. The species name Sorbopyrus auricularis (Knoop) CKSchneid, which is related to the "eye (lapp) chen" (Latin auricula ) formed by the weak lapping of the leaves . is illegitimate because the alleged basionym Pyrus auricularis Knoop does not exist. Rather, the basionyma is Pyrus irregularis Münchh. This resulted in the name × Sorbopyrus irregularis (Münchh.) CAWimm in 2014.

According to the latest phylogenetic studies (Sennikov / Kurtto 2017), the parent Sorbus aria should rather be Aria edulis (Willd.) M. Roem. be called. From this results the name of the genus bastard × Pyraria and for the Bollweiler pear the name × Pyraria irregularis (Münchh.) CAWimm.


Synonyms are:

Pyrus irregularis Münchh. , Father 3: 333.1767 and father 5: 246.1770

Azarolus pollvilleriana Borkh. , Theoret. Practical Handb. Forest bot. 2: 1251.1803, nom. illegal.

Pyrus polvilla C.C. Gmel. , Fl. Bath. 2: 386.1806, nom. illegal.

× Sorbopyrus auricularis C.K. Cutting. , Illustr. Handb. Hardwood c. 1: 666.1906, nom. illegal.

× Sorbopyrus auricularis ( JH Knoop ) CK Schneider

swell

Web links

 Wikispecies: × Pyraria irregularis  - species directory

Individual evidence

  1. Jürgen Pusch: Fruit variety conservation garden on the Schlachtberg near Bad Frankenhausen (Kyffhäuserkreis, Thuringia). In: Journal for Cultivated Plants. Volume 64, 2012, p. 73 f.
  2. Jürgen Pusch, Klaus-Jörg Barthel: The Hambuttenbirne [x Sorbopyrus auricularis (Knoop) CK Schneid.] - a fruit tree long forgotten in Thuringia. In: Haussknechtia. Volume 12, 2010, pp. 149-153.
  3. Johannes Bauhin: Historia plantarum universalis, nova et absolutissima cum consensu et dissensu circa eas. Quam recensuit et auxit Dominicus Chabraeus. 3 volumes. 2nd edition ( Juris vero publici fecit Franciscus Ludovicus a Graffenried. ) Yverdon 1650–1651, Volume 1, p. 59.
  4. Hermann Zabel : Contribution to the knowledge of the rose hip pear and its hybrids. In: Communications of the German Dendrological Society. Volume 16, 1907, pp. 76-78.
  5. Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . 2nd edition, from Volume 7 (1975) ed. by Hans J. Conert u. a., Volume 4. 2nd edition, ed. by Friedrich Markgraf. Munich 1958-1963, pp. 706-708.
  6. Wolfgang Schiedermair: The "Meelbyrn, Paliurus" in Adam Lonitzer's "Kreuterbuch" (1679). For knowledge of X Sorbopyrus auricularis (Kroop.) Schneid. - Rose hip pear. 2015 (2016), p. 91 f.
  7. The Plant List: Sorbopyrus auricularis (Knoop) CK Schneid. .
  8. Michel Hoff: Le Poirier de Bollwiller, Sorbopyrus auricularis (JH Knoop) CK Schneider. Réhabilitation d'une espèce fruitière méconnue de J. Bauhin. In: Bauhinia. Volume 20, 2007, pp. 45-56.