Bonn Carnival
The Bonn carnival takes place once a year in Bonn , one of the Rhenish carnival strongholds. The Carnival time called session will open on the “ Eleventh in the Eleventh ” at “Eleven eleven” on the Bonn market square. The meeting carnival traditionally begins shortly after Christmas in the halls and festival tents. The street carnival begins at Weiberfastnacht , the Thursday before Ash Wednesday (local dialect: "Zöchelche"), with parades, town hall Escalades and the boisterous bustle of revelers on the streets and in the pubs. The highlight of the session is the big Rose Monday parade in the city center. The foolish call has been " Bonn Alaaf " since the 19th century , which roughly means: "Bonn live high".
Organization and regency
The Bonn prince couple Prince and Bonna "rule" the entire carnival . The coordinating association of the official Bonner Carnival program is the Festausschuss Bonner Karneval eV , a non-profit umbrella organization for the Bonner Carnivalists, which organizes and organizes every session of the Fastelovend in Bonn and thus preserves and develops the Rhenish carnival customs.
Carnival - the "5th season" in Bonn
The carnival officially begins on November 11th of each year at 11:11 am and heralds the so-called "5th season". The number 11 represents the equality of all fools.
In Bonn, the start of the "Session" is traditionally celebrated on the Bonn market, the "Old Town Hall" forming the background.
Shortly after Christmas the "session carnival" begins, during which carnival societies hold "carnival sessions" with hand-made speeches , dance and music to entertain the "Jekken". The largest carnival session is the alternative carnival session Pink Punk Pantheon with over 10,000 visitors every year. Visitors often wear a fool's cap, which was introduced in Cologne in 1827 by the Prussian Major General Baron von Czettritz and Neuhauss with the slogan “Same brothers, same caps”. The fool's cap has its origin in the Jacobin hats of the French Revolution .
The hot phase of the carnival then lies between Weiberfastnacht and Ash Wednesday with the "street carnival". Bonn is one of the Rhenish carnival strongholds, although it is always somewhat overshadowed by the larger Cologne carnival and is also outstripped by Düsseldorf and Mainz in terms of visitor numbers.
The street carnival between Weiberfastnacht and Ash Wednesday
The Beuel washerwomen kick off the great days of the street carnival . Under the motto: Loss de laundry un work lieje, come to de Beueler Wiever celebrate! (“Leave the laundry and the work and come to the Beuel women to celebrate!”) They storm the Beuel town hall on Weiberfastnacht at 12 o'clock . Then the washer princess takes over the rule. One of the "habits" of the now "ruling women" is, for example, cutting off men's ties, which is why experienced Bonners wear old or expendable ties on this day.
Many other districts have also developed their own traditions and there are characteristic regents, such as Prinz and Godesia in Bad Godesberg, the Kessenixe in Kessenich or the LiKüRa in the Limperich , Küdinghoven and Ramersdorf districts, which are combined to form the Li-Kü-Ra area .
A large bivouac of the honor guard of the city of Bonn is organized in Bonn city center on Carnival Sunday, the climax of which is the storm of the town hall. The various departments of the Bonn city soldiers "storm" with great fanfare and music the town hall "occupied" by the councilors and the Bonn mayor. As a sign of the assumption of foolish power, the keys of the town hall are presented to the prince couple. Until Ash Wednesday the prince couple "rule" supported by the city soldiers in Bonn town hall . This tradition has existed since the beginning of the 20th century. In other parts of the city, too, the town halls are stormed in a similar manner.
For since Weiberfastnacht already the Carnival parades in the individual districts instead, the forms on Carnival Monday held large Rosenmontagszug in Bonn city center, a highlight of the street carnival.
The highlight on Violet Tuesday is the traditional nubbel burning . In the evening, the reign of the prince couple ends with the plucking of feathers , in which the four magnificent peacock feathers are plucked from the prince's hat and the Bonna has to give up her sash.
On Ash Wednesday , the first day of Lent , the carnival session will finally end. The Bonn City Soldiers Corps and the previous couple of princes move to the banks of the Rhine in black clothes and top hats to wash their wallets there. Finally, the honor guard of the city of Bonn goes with a "funeral march" to eat fish together.
History of the Bonn Carnival
Origins of the Bonn Carnival in Kurköln
Carnival has been celebrated in the Rhineland for around 800 years. The names were originally “fasnacht”, “fastelovend”, “vasenacht” or “vastavend”, derived from the night before Lent, which clearly shows the inseparable relationship between the festival and Lent.
The first written mention of the Bonn Carnival is a police ordinance from 1585, in which the Cologne Elector Ernst von Bayern decrees the abolition of the so-called Bonn Carnival Society. An ordinance by Elector Ferdinand of Bavaria from 1622 also tried to suppress the carnival joy of Bonner Jecken. Three gold guilders were threatened as a fine.
At the end of the 17th century, Bonn had become the royal seat of the Electors of Cologne. The first forerunners of the Bonn Rose Monday procession took place in 1731, when numerous nobles came to Bonn to attend the carnival celebrations at the court of Elector Clemens August of Bavaria . The elector's enthusiasm for balls, masquerades and participation in the Rhenish carnival was well known. A carnival mask parade through Bonn is documented for February 6, 1731, at the end of the festivities, at which a peasant wedding was depicted. The nobles disguised themselves as farmers and from the castle twelve open carriages decorated with greenery and other decorations walked through the main streets of the Bonn Residence. The citizens stood on either side of the train and cheered the cars. In this early phase, carnival was a pleasure for the nobility.
Presumably from 1760 onwards, with the approval of the city council, the journeyman guilds of the trade moved through the city of Bonn with music and dance groups.
In 1798, the last Elector of Cologne, Maximillian Franz, made an attempt to regulate the Bonn carnival. The ordinance read: On Shrove Tuesday at 12 o'clock at night, all merrymaking should be closed with a penalty of two gold guilders. However, this was also preceded by the fact that the Electorate of Cologne got into economic difficulties.
Carnival in Bonn after the French occupation
Between 1801 and 1814 Bonn and the Rhineland were occupied by the French, which could not give wings to the Bonn carnival, because the population had to "endure" the occupiers. Only with the withdrawal of the French in 1814 and the beginning of the Prussian reign in Bonn did a phase of peace begin for Bonn.
Uniforms in the French style, just like the uniforms of the former occupiers, are characteristic of Bonn's city soldiers to this day. It can be assumed that the uniforms were deliberately modeled on or that individual copies remained in depots or tailor shops in Bonn and found a new use in the carnival. The French uniforms are undoubtedly an expression of the caricature of those in power. Perhaps the uniforms can also be understood as a silent protest against the Prussians, who marched into Bonn on January 17, 1814 with hussars and lancers, plus Cossacks and an East Prussian hunter battalion, and, to the annoyance of the Bonners, conquered one another like a winner Listed province. It is well known that contemporary Bonners always pointed out that they were not Prussians, but "booty Prussians". From 1825 onwards there was an "organized carnival" in Bonn.
On February 5, 1826, the Bönnsche Karnevalsgesellschaft was founded (from 1882 it was called the Great Bonner Carnival Society). The "Bönnsche Karnevalsgesellschaft" first performed the comic opera "Die Dorfdeputierten".
While in 1824 Bonn's request to be allowed to carry out a carnival parade was rejected by the Prussian king, the newly founded Carnival Committee succeeded in having the first actual Rose Monday parade take place in 1828 . Hanswurst, as the forerunner of the future prince, and the goddess of grace Laetitia marched through the main streets of the city in festive garb, accompanied by 22 groups consisting of many elements of the courtly aristocracy such as head stable master, personal physician, ladies-in-waiting, ministers, etc. The evening took place in the theater on Vierecksplatz (today Berliner Freiheit) a masked ball took place, the culmination of which was the performance of a carnival operetta (content: the Hanswurst freed from his rock prison in the Siebengebirge, the ruler of the realm of fools, extends his hand to Laetitia in marriage).
However, since Bonn, together with the Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, had been the sponsor of the fourth Prussian university since 1818, the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III , who was opposed to the unbridled goings-on, prohibited it . With a cabinet order of March 29, 1828, the Bonn Carnival in the same year on the grounds: “Where such amoral and politically not unobjectionable merrymaking have not traditionally been permitted, they should not be permitted, least of all in the university city of Bonn. “As in almost all Rhenish cities, the carnival in Bonn was banned out of fear of unrest and activities during the hard-to-control festival.
It was not until 1842 that the ban was lifted again by the successor Friedrich Wilhelm IV , so that from 1843 it was possible to organize Carnival Monday parades again. In the same year, the Bonna appeared for the first time as the figure of the “good city of Bonn” - initially represented by a man - and replaced the Roman Laetitia, the “goddess of joy”. The protagonists of the later German Revolution of 1848/1849 , Karl Joseph Simrock , Gottfried Kinkel and his wife Johanna Kinkel, also took part in this, trying to transfer the ideal democracy, freedom and unity to the Bonn carnival. One can therefore say that the carnival also became politicized.
In 1873, Prince Carnival (Josef I. [Lövenich]) replaced the Hanswurst and the couple Prince and Bonna , which still exists today, was created .
Bonn carnival from the 20th century
Only in the war and post-war years of the two world wars (1915–1927 and 1940–1950) were there no princes in Bonn. During these times, the Bonn Carnival was forbidden or only possible to a limited extent.
Until the outbreak of the Second World War, the carnival was developed as a tourism factor and for the entertainment of the masses and was instrumentalized by the National Socialists. While the female roles of Carnival such as Bonna, regiment daughters or Funkenmariechen have traditionally been embodied by men in disguise for generations, in the wake of National Socialism , under pressure from the NSDAP , who saw men in women's clothes as being dubiously close to transvestism in their fight against homosexuality , had to do all women actually portrayed by women. In 1935 Sibille Bois (Sibille I) was the first woman to be crowned Bonna . In contrast to the people of Cologne, who again portrayed their virgin through a man after the war , the people of Bonn have left it with a woman to this day.
In January 1936 the Beuel City Soldiers Corps "Rot-Blau" 1936 eV was founded.
A new era in the Bonn Carnival finally began on April 27, 1951 with the establishment of a new umbrella organization for the Bonn Carnival: the "Bonner Carnival Festival Committee".
Bonn prince couples
| year | Prince Carnival | Bonna |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Thomas I. (carpenter) | Anne-Christin I. (Mittrich) |
| 2018 | Dirk II. (Vögeli) | Alexandra III (Roth) |
| 2017 | Mirko I. (field) | Patty I. (Burgundy) |
| 2016 | Michael I. (Cronenberg) | Tiffany I. (artist) |
| 2015 | Jürgen I. (Roman) | Nora I. (Jordan) |
| 2014 | Simon I. (tailor) | Verena I. (Jansen) |
| 2013 | Dirk I. (Müller) | Andrea I. (Minten) |
| 2012 | Rainer I. (Abels) | Victoria I. (Caspari) |
| 2011 | Christoph I. (Schada von Borzyskowsk) | Karin IV (Bilanovic) |
| 2010 | Amir I (Shafaghi) | Uta I. (Göbels) |
| 2009 | Ralf I. (Birkner) | Miriam I. (Schmitz) |
| 2008 | Holger I. (Willcke) | Alexandra II (pillar) |
| 2007 | Andrew II (King) | Catherine II (van Dorp) |
| 2006 | Rico I. (Fenoglio) | Ina I. (Harder) |
| 2005 | Reiner II. (Reintgen) | Kirsten I. (Engbrocks) |
| 2004 | Klaus III. (Gerwing) | Judith I. (Marschner) |
| 2003 | Ulrich III. (Fright) | Stephanie II (King) |
| 2002 | Willi III. (Wester) | Birgit I. (Rudolf) |
| 2001 | Franz I. (steel) | Anja I. (Pohl) |
| 2000 | Manfred I. (Erwe) | Alexandra I. (Zörner) |
| 1999 | Andreas I. (Etienne) | Marion I. (Leyer) |
| 1998 | Willi II (Baukhage) | Nicole I. (Röttgen) |
| 1997 | Frank I. (Ulte) | Stephanie I. (Fröschner) |
| 1996 | Josi I. (Wild) | Nicola I (Philippi) |
| 1995 | George I (staves) | Anneli I. (Friedrich-Kofelenz) |
| 1994 | Wolfgang II (Rindermann) | Hanneke I. (Rindermann) |
| 1993 | Bernhard I. (Herpetz) | Susanne I. (King) |
| 1992 | Heiner I. (Hemmerling) | Roswitha I. (Hausmann) |
| 1991 | Heiner I. (Hemmerling) | Roswitha I. (Hausmann) |
| 1990 | Wolfgang I. (Jacob) | Gudrun II. (Bachmann) |
| 1989 | Hansi I. (tin) | Eva I. (Mainusch) |
| 1988 | Mark I (Irgel) | Pamela I. (Irgel) |
| 1987 | Alfred I. (Hüwel) | Marita I. (Gütten) |
| 1986 | Ulrich II (Dahl) | Christine I. (Miebach) |
| 1985 | Toni I. (Mürtz) | Elke I. (Toussaint) |
| 1984 | Helmut II (Hampp) | Regina I. (Hampp) |
| 1983 | Guntram I. (Sieglin) | Claudia I. (Sieglin) |
| 1982 | Helmut I. (Wirtz) | Karin III. (Wirtz) |
| 1981 | Kurt I. (Balk) | Astrid I. (Neffgen) |
| 1980 | Bernd II (Vonhoff) | Uta I. (mesh tape) |
| 1979 | Bernd I. (Werner) | Karin II. (Werner) |
| 1978 | Heinz-Wilhelm I (Blesgen) | Elfriede I. (Blesgen) |
| 1977 | Lothar I. (Kreutzer) | Helga I. (Kreutzer) |
| 1976 | Werner II. (Kurscheid) | Rita I. (Vellen) |
| 1975 | Reiner I. (clerk) | Ursula I. (Wagner) |
| 1974 | Karl-Heinz I. (Gierschmann) | Gudrun I. (Schmitz) |
| 1973 | Paul-Herbert I. (Berchem) | Marianne III. (Berchem) |
| 1972 | Ulrich I. (Kessel) | Eva-Maria I. (Kessel) |
| 1971 | Peter IV (Gitsels) | Doris II (Gitsels) |
| 1970 | Franz-Josef I. (Rott) | Sabine I. (Zylka) |
| 1969 | Pit I. (Reichardt) | Barbara I. (Feith) |
| 1968 | Lutz I. (Irgel) | Inge II. (Irgel) |
| 1967 | Hans Karl I (Jacob) | Brigitte I. (Lazecky) |
| 1966 | Horst I. (Ahlfänger) | Gisela I. (Ahlfänger) |
| 1965 | Hans V. (Blesgen) | Margret I. (Blesgen) |
| 1964 | Herbert I. (Brüning) | Rosemary I. (season) |
| 1963 | Klaus II (bird) | Anneliese I. (Wiemer) |
| 1962 | Mathias I. (Van der Weiden) | Karin I. (Henkes) |
| 1961 | Tom I. (Jakobi) | Doris I (Jakobi) |
| 1960 | Martin I. (stretcher) | Hertha I. (Skowronek) |
| 1959 | Eberhard I. (Oertel) | Katja I. (small) |
| 1958 | Werner I. (Schemuth) | Uschi. I. (gas blower) |
| 1957 | Klaus I. (Schmitt) | Marianne II (King) |
| 1956 | Peter III (Waldeck) | Renate I. (Müller) |
| 1955 | Hans IV. (Fromm) | Marianne I. (bricklayer) |
| 1954 | Josef II (Hecker) | Wilma I. (May) |
| 1953 | Fritz II (Dr. Landser) | Inge I. (Abrecht) |
| 1952 | Hans III. (Schumacher) | Cilli I. (Lubig) |
| 1951 | Günter I. (Juchem) | Hello I. (Everwand) |
| 1940-1950 | no prince couples | |
| 1935 | Sibille I (Bois) | |
| 1930 | Anton (Renken) | |
| 1929 | Anton (Renken) | |
| 1915-1927 | no prince couples | |
| 1914 | Max IV (Hasselbein) | |
| 1911 | Max IV (Hasselbein) | |
| 1910 | Max IV (Hasselbein) | |
| 1899 | Peter II (Heinen) | |
| 1873 | Josef I. (Lövenich) |
Traditional Bonn Corps and traditional societies
- Bonn City Soldiers Corps from 1872 eV
- Honor guard of the city of Bonn - Vaterstädtischer Verein eV
- Beuel City Soldiers Corps "Red-Blue" from 1936 eV
- Godesberger Stadtsoldatenkorps eV from 1893
- Old Beuel ladies committee from 1824 eV - Beuel laundresses
- KG Sternschnuppen eV from 1890
- KG Fidele Burggrafen 1937 eV
- General Carnival Society Prinzengarde (AKP) 1947 eV
Web links
- Festival committee Bonn Carnival
- Bonn City Soldiers Corps from 1872 eV
- http://www.fidele-burggrafen.de/
- Pictures of the carnival paparazzi from Bonn
- http://www.prinzengarde-godesberg.de
literature
- Horst Bachmann: Three times Bonn Alaaf! The carnival in the federal city . Bouvier, Bonn 2001, ISBN 3-416-02976-3 .
- Hans Brambor: Bonn Alaaf. 50 Years of the Father City Association - Honorary Degrees of the City of Bonn 1933–1983 . Bonn 1983.
- Karl-Heinz Erdmann: Honor Guard of the City of Bonn e. V. 75 years . Honor guard of the city of Bonn, Bonn 2008, ISBN 978-3-00-026172-5 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Festival Committee Bonner Karneval: Historical facts about Bonner Carneval. In: https://www.karneval-in-bonn.de/ . Bonner Carnival Festival Committee, accessed on November 18, 2019 .
- ^ Karl Gutzmer et al .: Chronicle of the City of Bonn . Ed .: Bodo Harenberg. Chronik-Verlag, Dortmund 1988, ISBN 3-611-00032-9 , p. 65 .
- ^ Karl Gutzmer et al .: Chronicle of the City of Bonn . Ed .: Bodo Harenberg. Chronik-Verlag, Dortmund 1988, ISBN 3-611-00032-9 , p. 102 .
- ^ Karl Gutzmer et al .: Chronicle of the City of Bonn . Ed .: Bodo Harenberg. Chronik-Verlag, Dortmund 1988, ISBN 3-611-00032-9 , p. 179 .
- ↑ http://www.general-anzeiger-bonn.de/bonn/bonn/bonn-zentrum/prinz-michael-i-und-bonna-tiffany-i-article1615456.html