Boris Wassiljewitsch Litvinow
Boris Wassiljewitsch Litvinow ( Russian Борис Васильевич Литвинов , scientific transliteration Boris Vasil'evič Litvinov ; born November 12, 1929 in Luhansk , Ukrainian SSR ; † April 23, 2010 in Chelyabinsk , Russia ) was a Russian nuclear physicist .
Life
After attending secondary school, between 1947 and 1951 he studied physics and engineering at the National Institute for Nuclear Research ( Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ» ). In the summer of 1951 he first became an intern in the “Leuchtturm” ( Маяк ) chemistry laboratory and then worked from 1952 to 1961 at the Institute for Nuclear Research in Sarov (Russia) , today's Russian Federal Nuclear Research Center. There he worked as an engineer and most recently as a deputy chief engineer under the direction of Lieutenant General Yevgeny Ivanovich Sababachin on the development and testing of nuclear weapons .
In March 1961, as a professor, he also became head of the design department of the Institute for Nuclear Research in Sneschinsk , today's Russian Federal Atomic Center - All-Russian Scientific Research Center for Technical Physics (WNIITF). He held this office until 1997. In addition to the development of nuclear weapons, the focus of his work was also on civilian research into nuclear energy . During his activity, more than half of all attempts at fission of nuclear weapons in the USSR took place .
After retiring as chief designer, he remained active as deputy scientific director of the WNIITF and was therefore responsible in particular for the laboratories for special analyzes, which also included experienced scientists from all disciplines.
In an interview with the newspaper Nezavisimaya Gazeta in 2004 he stated on Russian nuclear research:
- “It is not possible to study the physics of a nuclear explosion without experimenting. The widespread claim that a perfect nuclear explosive device can be produced with the help of the most perfect calculation methods is wrong. The more perfect a physical system is, the more you have to experiment. "
honors and awards
For his services in atomic physics , he has received several awards in the Soviet Union and, among other things, was a hero of socialist work in 1981 . In 1954 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor . In 1962, 1977 and 1981 he received the Order of Lenin , and in 1971 the Order of the October Revolution . In addition, he received the Lenin Prize for Chemistry in 1966 .
After Russia was founded, he was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland 2nd and 3rd degree and in 2003 the Demidow Prize . Litvinov was also an honorary citizen of Snezhinsk and Chelyabinsk Oblast .
In 1997 he also became a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Russian press review from November 19, 2004 ( Memento from July 14, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Litvinov, Boris Wassiljewitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Литвинов, Борис Васильевич (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian nuclear physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 12, 1929 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Luhansk , Ukrainian SSR |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 23, 2010 |
| Place of death | Chelyabinsk , Russia |