Sarov (Russia)

city Sarov Саров coat of arms Federal district Volga Oblast Nizhny Novgorod Urban district Sarov mayor Valery Dimitrov Founded 1939 Earlier names Sarowa Kremljow Arsamas-75 Arsamas-16 City since 1954 population 92,047 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Height of the center 140  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 83130 Post Code 607180-607190 License Plate 52, 152 OKATO 22 503 Website www.adm.sarov.com Geographical location Coordinates 54 ° 56 '  N , 43 ° 19'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 56 '0 "  N , 43 ° 19' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Sarow ( Russian Саро́в ) is a city with 92,047 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast in Russia . It is a good 150 km as the crow flies south-southwest of the oblast capital Nizhny Novgorod .

history

The Assumption Cathedral of the Sarov Monastery at the beginning of the 20th century

In the place of today's town there was a settlement of the Mordwinen since the 12th century and a monastery since the middle of the 17th century, which was named after the nearby small river Sarowka Sarower monastery . Up until the October Revolution, the monastery was considered a holy place for believers of the Russian Orthodox Church , as tradition has it that St. Seraphim of Sarov performed miracles there. After the revolution and the Bolshevik seizure of power , the monastery was looted and closed in 1927 on the orders of the Soviet government.

The resulting at the monastery town was under the name Sarowa on 4 December 1938, status of urban-type settlement in the existence of the Rajons temnikov the Mordovian ASSR . After the decision of the Soviet leadership to develop nuclear weapons in February 1943, a corresponding institute for nuclear technology was set up shortly after the end of the Second World War . Sarov was chosen because it was on the one hand remote and shielded by thick forests, but on the other hand already had a railway connection ( 54 ° 54 ′ 8.6 ″  N , 43 ° 16 ′ 19.2 ″  E ) . In the Nuclear Institute, the first Soviet nuclear weapons were manufactured under the direction of Juli Chariton and the largest hydrogen bomb ever tested (see "Tsar bomb" ) was also manufactured with the assistance of Andrei Sakharov .

In February 1947, a special level of secrecy was decided for the place, it was removed from the Mordovian ASSR and territorially assigned to the Gorky Oblast (today Nizhny Novgorod) and henceforth removed from all publicly accessible statistical materials and maps. On March 17, 1954, a secret decision was made to grant city ​​rights under the name of Kremlyov ( Кремлёв ). From the early 1960s, the code name Arsamas-75 (Russian Арзамас-75 ) was in use. The number coincidentally corresponded to the road distance to the city of Arsamas , so the name was changed to Arsamas-16 (Russian Арзамас-16 ) in 1966 . Unfamiliar and foreign visitors in particular were not allowed in until the 1990s, and entry into the city is still not possible for everyone.

From the mid-1980s, the place reappeared as Sarowa on maps with a low level of secrecy, and from 1991 on again as Kremlyov in official statistics . In August 1995 the city was given its historical name again in its current form.

In August 2010, according to reports, 2,200 helpers managed to bring fires in the vicinity of the nuclear research center under control, which broke out across Russia due to extreme drought (see also forest and peat fires in Russia 2010 ).

Population development

year	Residents
1939	02,786
2002	87,652
2010	92,047

Note: census data

Economy and Transport

As before, the research institute (the "Russian Federal Nuclear Research Center") is the city's main employer. Today it is at least partly concerned with research and development work for civil purposes.

Sarow is a supply center for the surrounding communities. To the north of the city is Sarow Airport, which is also used for civil aviation.

Town twinning

• Los Alamos ( New Mexico , USA )

sons and daughters of the town

• Oleg Taktarow (* 1967), actor and mixed martial arts fighter
• Tatiana Sorokko (* 1971), Russian and American model
• Tatiana Firowa (* 1982), athlete
• Yevgeny Beluchin (born 1983), ice hockey player
• Irina Chasowa (* 1984), cross-country skier
• Pyotr Sedow (* 1990), cross-country skier
• Anastassija Sedowa (* 1995), cross-country skier

Web links

Commons : Sarov  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the city administration (Russian)
• Sarov on mojgorod.ru (Russian)
• sarov.net (Russian)
• The Sarov Nuclear Research Institute (Russian)
• English website for Arzamas-16 (Sarow)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Deutsche Welle August 4, 2010 ( Memento from August 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive )