Chkalovsk
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Chkalovsk
каловск
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Tschkalowsk ( Russian Чкаловск ) is a city with 12,368 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) in the European part of Russia . It is located on the right bank of the Volga , about 100 kilometers northwest of Nizhny Novgorod in the oblast of the same name .
Until 1937 the place was called Wassiljowo ( Василёво ); In honor of the famous Soviet pilot Valery Chkalov it was then given its current name.
history
Its original name Wassiljowa Sloboda ( Василёва Слобода ) probably had the settlement from Prince Vasily Jurjewitsch , the son of Grand Duke Yuri Dolgoruki . He founded a small reserve fortress here in the 12th century for the former border fortress of Gorodets , which was first mentioned in a document in 1450.
From the 14th to the beginning of the 17th century it was owned by the Shuiski princes , after which it belonged to a women's monastery until 1764.
Until the 19th century, the people here earned their living here, apart from farming, mainly as Volga grainers in summer and as potters in winter. In the middle of the 19th century there were 25 pottery workshops here. The settlement was an important gathering place for the Volga grainers from the area. The wealthier part of the population, who lived in their own part of the city, called the bazaar , lived mainly from the grain trade.
At the end of the 19th century, the city experienced an upswing with the advent of steamships. For the new ships, the Volga had to be deepened by dredging. In Wassiljowo, the construction of numerous state workshops for the maintenance of the funerary ships began in 1883. In 1924 the village got the status of a workers' settlement ( rabotschi possjolok ), from 1927 as an urban-type settlement .
In 1904 the future pilot and hero of the Soviet Union Valeri Pavlovich Tschkalow was born here, after whose record flight over the North Pole the settlement was renamed Tschkalowsk in 1937 .
In 1955, Chkalovsk was elevated to the status of a city. In the years up to 1957, a large part of the village was flooded in the course of the construction of the Gorkier hydroelectric power station and rebuilt a little further west on the new bank as a modern city.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1939 | 7,408 |
| 1959 | 11,580 |
| 1970 | 13,835 |
| 1979 | 14,581 |
| 1989 | 15,059 |
| 2002 | 13,856 |
| 2010 | 12,368 |
Note: census data
Web links
- Chkalovsk on mojgorod.ru (Russian)
- Portal of the City (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
