Worsma
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Worsma
Ворсма
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Worsma ( Russian Ворсма ) is a city in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast ( Russia ) with 11,620 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).
geography
The city is located about 70 km southwest of the oblast capital Nizhny Novgorod on the Kishma , a right tributary of the Oka, which flows into the Volga .
Worsma belongs to Pavlovo Raion .
history
In documents from the 14th to 15th centuries, a river and the Worosma region of the same name were mentioned for the first time. The name is of Finno-Ugric origin, derived from the word wyr or wor for forest . In the 16th century the place was already known as the church village of Worsma .
In the time of turmoil , many peasants, craftsmen and strelizi from the area around Worsma and Pavlovo supported the second "fake Dmitri", who was brought to power by the Polish occupiers, and founded their own combat troops. These were smashed on December 10, 1608 by troops from Nizhny Novgorod in the Battle of Worsma , the place was looted and burned to the ground.
After the expulsion of the Polish occupiers from Moscow in 1612, the Nizhny Novgorod merchant Kusma Minin was awarded a prize for his services. a. the village of Worsma and the surrounding lands as a gift. After the death of Minin and his son, they became state property.
In the 18th century the place developed into an important center of metalworking crafts. Knives, scissors, surgical instruments, locks and later also weapons were made.
A first factory was at the direction of Count Pyotr Sheremetev founded in 1766, greater by the newly rich serfs of Scheremetews 1820. Ivan Zavyalov For his service received Zavyalov 1835 of Tsar Nicholas I , the large for that time sum of 5,000 gold rubles, at the World's Fair London 1862 a medal for its excellent steel knives .
In 1926 the status of an urban-type settlement was granted, and in 1955 it was granted town charter.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1897 | 6,000 |
| 1939 | 9,415 |
| 1959 | 10,856 |
| 1970 | 12,965 |
| 1979 | 13,968 |
| 1989 | 13,648 |
| 2002 | 12,629 |
| 2010 | 11,620 |
Note: census data (1897-1939 rounded)
Culture and sights
The Trinity Ostrovojeserski Monastery ( Троицкий Островоезерский монастырь / Troitski Ostrovojeserski monastyr) is located on an island of the nearby Worsma Lake . It was closed in the 1930s and largely destroyed in the 1950s, but is to be rebuilt on the basis of the remains that have been preserved (gate church, residential wing).
Economy and Infrastructure
Main businesses are a medical instrument factory and a knife factory, which developed from the old factories of the 19th century from 1820.
The city's train station is 15 kilometers north of the Nizhny Novgorod – Pavlovo railway line, which opened in 1929 . The R125 road ( Kassimow - Murom - Pavlovo - Nizhny Novgorod) also passes through Worsma .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
Web links
- Worsma on mojgorod.ru (Russian)
