Dzerzhinsk

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Dzerzhinsk (disambiguation) .

city Dzerzhinsk Дзержинск coat of arms Federal district Volga Oblast Nizhny Novgorod Urban district Dzerzhinsk mayor Ivan Noskov Founded 1920 Earlier names Rastjapino City since 1930 surface 426  km² population 240,742 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 565 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 90  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 8313 Post Code 606000-606034 License Plate 52, 152 OKATO 22 421 Website dzr.nnov.ru Geographical location Coordinates 56 ° 14 '  N , 43 ° 27'  E Coordinates: 56 ° 14 '0 "  N , 43 ° 27' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Dzerzhinsk ( Russian Дзержи́нск , not to be confused with various cities of the same name in Belarus and the Ukraine ) is a large city in Russia on the Oka River in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast . It has 240,742 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

history

The city was founded in 1920 and was initially called Rastjapino (Russian Растя́пино ), in 1929 it was renamed Dzerzhinsk after the Bolshevik and founder of the Cheka , Felix Dzerzhinsky . In 1930 the Soviet leadership gave the order to build a large industrial town on the site of the Rastjapino settlement. Dzerzhinsk developed into one of the most important chemical industrial locations in the Soviet Union , which was associated with enormous environmental pollution.

In the city there was a prisoner of war camp 469 for German prisoners of war of the Second World War .

Population development

year	Residents
1939	103,407
1959	164,337
1970	221.291
1979	257.119
1989	285.071
2002	261,334
2010	240,742
2017	231,797

Note: census data

Culture and sights

Today in Dzerzhinsk there is a puppet theater, a drama theater and a local history museum that has existed since 1932. There are also the architecturally interesting NIGRES power line pylons near the city .

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  The “Chemists' Palace of Culture” in Dzerzhinsk

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  NIGRES power line pylon on the Oka near Dzerzhinsk

economy

The Zavod chemical plants are located in Dzerzhinsk . Yes. M. Swerdlowa , Orgsteklo , Awijabor , Sintes Oka (with Chimsorbent ) and Sawod sintanolow ( Norkem ) as well as the plastic producers DPO Plastik , Biochimplast and Nischpolimerupak are located.

The foreign corporations Wella , Knauf Gips , Lanxess , Liebherr , TK Uhde and Danieli have also set up locations here.

Others

The city was voted one of the most polluted places in the world by the Blacksmith Institute in October 2006 . This “nomination” was renewed in 2007 and 2013, since the renovation is a long time coming. In Dzerzhinsk, men would have a life expectancy of 42 years and women 47 years. According to the city administration from June 2011, however, the average life expectancy of the residents of 64 years is only 1.5 years less than the average for all of Russia.

Caprolactam factory line (750 mm)

The city was a center for the manufacture of Soviet chemical weapons , including sarin and mustard gas, during the Cold War . The chemicals used were deposited in a water-bearing soil layer, which also supplies the city with drinking water.

The 2013 Umweltgiftreport - published by the Blacksmith Institute and the International Green Cross Foundation  - states that the industrial site of Dzerzhinsk is to be regarded as highly contaminated because, in addition to leaks and other accidents, around 300,000 tonnes of chemical waste were improperly disposed of between 1930 and 1998 .

On June 1, 2019, a major explosion occurred in the city, according to official information, in an explosives factory . A mushroom cloud hundreds of meters high was then visible over the city. The authorities reported that 79 were injured.

Town twinning

Since 1996 Dzerzhinsk has been the twin town of Bitterfeld , now part of Bitterfeld-Wolfen .

sons and daughters of the town

• Gennady Voronin (1934-2004), speed skater
• Valery Plotnikow (born 1940), boxer
• Eduard Limonow (1943–2020), writer and politician
• Yevgeny Sharonov (* 1958), water polo player and Olympic champion
• Michail Seslawinski (* 1964), politician and bibliophile
• Oleg Deripaska (* 1968), entrepreneur
• Sergei Sorokin (* 1969), ice hockey player
• Tetjana Lasarewa (* 1981), Ukrainian wrestler
• Olga Kotschnewa (* 1988), sword fencer
• Wioletta Kolobowa (* 1991), sword fencer

Web links

Commons : Dzerzhinsk  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Official site of the city (Russian)
• Entry on mojgorod.ru (Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Maschke, Erich (ed.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.
3. ↑ Start of construction for the first LANXESS plant in Russia ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
4. ^ Liebherr in Russia
5. ↑ www.uhde.ru
6. ↑ Danieli has taxied to Dzerzhinsk  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
7. ↑ Press release of the city administration of June 10, 2011 (in Russian) ( Memento of February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
8. ↑ Study by the Blacksmith Institute and Tagesschau Aktuell ( Memento from March 11, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
9. ↑ Top Ten Threats 2013.pdf of the Blacksmith Institute
10. ↑ http://www.greencross.ch/uploads/media/pollution_report_2013_top_ten_wwpp.pdf
11. ↑ Dzerzhinsk explosion: Blast at Russian explosives factory injures 79.BBC News, June 1, 2019, accessed June 1, 2019 . 
12. ↑ http://www.bitterfeld-welten.de/de/wisl_s-cms/_redaktionell/38/Partnerstaedte/147/.html
13. ↑ Gennady Voronin in the database of Sports-Reference (English)
14. ↑ Valery Plotnikov in the database of Sports-Reference (English)
15. ↑ Yevgeny Sharonov in the database of Sports-Reference (English)