Borage (genus)
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Borage ( Borago officinalis ) |
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Borage ( Borago ) is a genus of plants in the predatory leaf family (Boraginaceae).
features
The Borago species are annual or perennial herbaceous plants .
The inflorescences are branched, loose coils , the flowers have bracts . The calyx is five columns almost to the base and enlarges after flowering. The crown is spread out like a wheel to bell-shaped. Their color is blue, pink, or white. The corolla tube is short to absent. The gullet scales are short, bare, and ragged, they protrude from the crown. The stamens clearly protrude above the pharyngeal scales and almost start at the base of the crown. The stamens have a long, narrow appendage at the tip. The stylus do not protrude over the gullet scales and have a heady scar .
The fruits of the Klausen fruit are obovate, straight and wrinkled. Your attachment point is concave and surrounded by an annular bead.
Flower and dispersal ecology
The flowers are bluebells , carry nectar and have a scattering cone. They are pollinated by bees.
The spread is carried out by ants ( myrmecochory ).
distribution
The genus is restricted to the southwest of the Mediterranean. Four of the five species occur only in Northwest Africa, Corsica, Sardinia and the Tuscan Archipelago . Only the borage ( Borago officinalis ) is cultivated very widely and is often found wild.
Systematics
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The genus Borago is the eponymous genus for the family Boraginaceae , the subfamily Boraginoideae and the tribe Boragineae. The genus is monophyletic and the sister group of Symphytum .
The genus consists of five species in two sub-genera:
- Subgenus Borago : It is characterized by upright growth and blue, wheel-shaped flowers.
- Borage ( Borago officinalis L. )
- Borago trabutii Maire , endemic to the High and Anti-Atlas in Morocco
- Borago longifolia Poir. , Endemic to northern Algeria and Tunisia
- Subgenus Buglossites (Moris) Gusul. : limited to Corsica , Sardinia and the island of Capraia . The species are prostrate and have bright, bell-shaped flowers.
- Borago pygmaea (DC.) Chater & Greuter : It occurs in Corsica, Sardinia and Italy.
- Borago morisiana Bigazzi & Riccieri , endemic to the island of San Pietro in southwestern Sardinia.
Name declaration
The name Borago is derived from the Arabic araq for sweat and refers to its use as u. a. sweat-inducing medicinal plant. The name is Middle Latin, it comes from the Arabic abū `āraq : father of sweat, perspiration agent, perspiration agent
literature
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive (CD-Rom), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6
Individual evidence
- ^ A b F. Selvi, A. Coppi, M. Bigazzi: Karyotype Variation, Evolution and Phylogeny in Borago (Boraginaceae), with Emphasis on Subgenus Buglossites in the Corso-Sardinian System , In: Annals of Botany , Volume 98, 2006, Pp. 857-868. doi : 10.1093 / aob / mcl167
- ↑ HH Hilger, F. Selvi, A. Papini, M. Bigazzi: Molecular Systematics of Boraginaceae Tribe Boragineae Based on ITS1 and trnL Sequences, with Special Reference to Anchusa sl , In: Annals of Botany , Volume 94, 2004, p. 201 -212 doi : 10.1093 / aob / mch132
- ↑ a b c d Benito Valdés, 2011: Boraginaceae. : Asperugo procumbens data sheet In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
- ↑ Stephen Potter, Laurens Sargent: The new naturalist. A survey of British natural history: Pedigree. Essays on the etymology of words from nature. London 1973, p. 240.
- ^ Sylva Wetekamp: Petrus Dasypodius, Dictionarium latinogermanicum et vice versa (1535): Studies on vocabulary. (Phil. Dissertation Munich 1979) Göppingen 1980 (= Göppinger Arbeit zur Germanistik , 282), p. 235.
