François-Claude-Amour de Bouillé

François-Claude-Amour, Marquis of Bouillé

François-Claude-Amour, Marquis of Bouillé (born November 19, 1739 at Cluzel Castle near Mazeyrat-d'Allier , Haute-Loire department in Auvergne ; † November 14, 1800 in London ) was a French military leader.

François-Claude-Amour de Bouillé became a soldier at the age of 14 and excelled in Germany in the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) . Between 1768 and 1771 he was so successful as governor of Guadeloupe that in 1777 he was made governor general of Martinique and Santa Lucia . Here he again distinguished himself by a number of excellent and well-executed military endeavors. Bouillé was appointed a member of the Notable Assembly in Paris (1787/88). In 1789 he became governor of the Trois-Évêchés province . In 1790 he was commander-in-chief of the Maas , Saar and Moselle armies and, despite the general confusion around him, maintained order in his troops. On October 31, 1790, he put down the garrison uprising in Nancy , for which the King and the National Assembly thanked him.

In 1791 Bouillé supported the king in his attempt to escape, but his plans were revealed and Louis XVI. captured in Varennes and returned to Paris. In a letter to the National Assembly, Bouillé described the escape as a kidnapping he had orchestrated . Thereupon he was found guilty of high treason and convicted in absentia. He left for Koblenz and was briefly in the army of Ludwig V, Duke of Bourbon . He tried to extradite the king in various ways. Seeing all his efforts to be unsuccessful - a bounty had meanwhile been placed on him - he went abroad. He stayed in Russia and Prague , was described as a broken man in Franz Alexander von Kleist's fantasies on a trip to Prague and from then on lived in England . He died on November 14, 1800 in London. His work Mémoires sur la Révolution Française depuis son origine jusqu'à la retraite du duc de Brunswick (German: Memoirs on the French Revolution from its beginning to the retreat of the Duke of Brunswick ) he was able to publish with great success in London in 1797 (in Paris 1801 posthumously).

In the fifth stanza of the Marseillaise , Bouillé is mentioned as a counter-revolutionary:

French original	German translation
Français, en guerriers magnanimes, Portez ou retenez vos coups! Epargnez ces tristes victimes, A regret s'armant contre nous. (to) Mais ces despotes sanguinaires, Corn ces complices de bouillé Tous ces tigres qui, sans pitié, Déchirent le sein de leur mère!	French, you noble warriors, Deal your blows or hold them back! Spare these sad victims Who reluctantly arm themselves against us. (2 x) But these bloodthirsty despots But these accomplices of Bouillé , All these tigers who are merciless Mear her mother's breast!

Works

• Memoires of the French Revolution . London 1797
• Mémoires de M. le Marquis de Bouillé: pendant son administration aux Isles du Vent de l'Amérique OCLC 900410705

Web links

Commons : François Claude de Bouillé  - Collection of images, videos and audio files