Joseph Boussinesq

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Joseph Valentin Boussinesq (born March 13, 1842 in Saint-André-de-Sangonis ( Département Hérault ), † February 19, 1929 in Paris ) was a French mathematician and physicist.

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Joseph Boussinesq received his doctorate in 1867. From 1872 to 1886 he was professor of differential and integral calculus at the University of Lille I and in 1886 took over the chair of physics and mechanics at the Sorbonne in Paris . In the same year he became a member of the French Academy of Sciences .

Boussinesq made a decisive contribution to the understanding of turbulence and the hydrodynamic boundary layer by publishing his work entitled Théorie de l 'écoulement tourbillonnant et tumultueux des liquides .

Various approximation methods in hydrodynamics are named after him, all of which are referred to as Boussinesq approximation (for example for convection, turbulence or water waves in shallow water, the latter leads to the Boussinesq equation ).

In 1871 he was the first to deal with soliton water waves and in 1877 the Korteweg-de-Vries equation .

He is also known for solving the problem of point load on the elastic half-space, with applications, for example in geotechnics, in the derivation of the distribution of the soil pressure (base pressure distribution) under foundations. Under an ideally rigid foundation, according to Boussinesq's theory, the tensions increase towards the edge and theoretically strive towards infinity.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. Boussinesq Applications of Potentiels al'Etude de l'Equilibre du et Mouvement des Solid Elastiques , Gauthier-Villars, Paris 1885

Web links

Commons : Joseph Valentin Boussinesq  - Collection of images, videos and audio files