Brčko district

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Brčko District
Брчко Дистрикт
Brčko district
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg
flag coat of arms
Kroatien Albanien Serbien Montenegro Republika Srpska Republika Srpska Brčko-Distrikt Föderation Bosnien und Herzegowina Föderation Bosnien und Herzegowina Föderation Bosnien und Herzegowinamap
About this picture
Location in Bosnia and Herzegovina
status Self-governing area (de facto);
Condominium of FBiH and RS (de jure)
Capital Brčko
Official languages Bosnian , Croatian , Serbian
founding March 8, 2000
surface 493 km²
Residents 83,516
Population density 169.4 / km²
ISO 3166 BA-BIH
Map of the Brčko district

The Brčko district [ ˈbr̩tʃkɔː ] ( Cyrillic  Брчко Дистрикт ) is a de facto self-governing area in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina . The area has an area of ​​493 km² and about 83,000 inhabitants.

As a special administrative area, it is officially administered in a condominium by the two entities of the country, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska . In fact, it is - largely in local self-government - directly under the control of the entire state. The administrative seat is the city of Brčko on the Sava .

According to the 2013 census, there are 83,516 inhabitants in the Brčko district. Of these, 35,381 identified themselves as Bosniaks (42.36%), 17,252 as Croats (20.66%) and 28,884 as Serbs (34.58%); 622 residents did not provide any information, 1,377 felt they belonged to other ethnicities.

population

Ethnic group
1961 census
1971 census
1981 census
1991 census
2013 census
Bosniaks / Muslims 16,484 30.181 32,434 38,617 35,381
Serbs 17,897 17,709 16,707 18,128 28,884
Croatians 21,994 24,925 23,975 22,252 17,252
Yugoslavs 5,904 1,086 8,342 5,731 -
Other / Not specified 673 870 1.310 2,899 1999
total 62,952 74,771 82,768 87,627 83,516

history

The area formed the municipality of Brčko before the Bosnian War . In 1991 it had 87,332 inhabitants, of which 44% considered themselves Muslims (in terms of nationality), 25% Croatians and 21% Serbs . 10% called themselves “others”, including Roma.

Economically, the community was strongly developed mainly due to its convenient location. 34 companies including the important port industry offered good income opportunities.

During the war in the 1990s, parts of the area formed a narrow corridor under Serbian control, which was the only connection with the Serbian-controlled areas in the east for the west of the Republika Srpska and the area of ​​the Republika Srpska Krajina . Other parts of the highly contested area were under Bosniak and Croatian control.

In April and May 1992, units of the Yugoslav People's Army and Serbian paramilitaries drove the Croatian and Bosniaks out of the city of Brčko. Many people were killed in war crimes. Here played Goran Jelisic , who himself "the Serbian Adolf called" and was sentenced to 40 years in prison for a leading role. Around 26,000 Serbian displaced persons and refugees came to the region during the war. Bosniaks and Croats formed their own communities (Brka and Ravno Brčko).

In the negotiations for the 1995 Dayton Treaty there was no agreement on the territorial affiliation of the city and region. For the Serbian side, the connecting corridor between the two otherwise separate parts of the Republika Srpska was and is necessary. The Bosniak side cited the fact that the city was predominantly inhabited by Bosniaks before the war. In addition, the inland port with trunk road and rail connections is the only access to the Danube region for the Federation.

The Brčko district was officially established on March 8, 2000 after it became clear that the two entities could not agree on an assignment of the area to one of the sides.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Description stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u i Bosni Hercegovini, 2013. Rezultati popisa. , P.56
  2. ↑ Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1971 - Yugoslav Census 1971 , accessed on May 19, 2019
  3. ↑ Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1981 - Yugoslav Census 1981 , Retrieved May 19, 2019
  4. ↑ a b Popis 2013 u BiH - Brčko District ( Bosnian / Croatian / Serbian ) Retrieved on May 19, 2019.
  5. ^ United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia: Jelisić (IT-95-10)

Coordinates: 44 ° 52 '  N , 18 ° 47'  E