Breguet 19th
| Breguet 19th | |
|---|---|
 Fighter version of the Breguet 19 A2 |
|
| Type: | bomber |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: |
Breguet |
| First flight: |
1921 |
| Commissioning: |
1923 |
| Production time: |
1923-1927 |
| Number of pieces: |
~ 2000 |
The Breguet 19 (Breguet XIX, Br.19, Bre.19) was a light French double-decker bomber that was produced in large numbers from 1924 .
development
The aircraft was a successor to the Breguet 14 (XIV) , a very successful bomber in World War I . The first prototype still had two Bugatti engines and a four-blade propeller and was shown at the 7th Paris Air Show in November 1921. The first flight took place in March 1922, but this time only with a Renault 12Kb engine with 450 hp. After tests, the French Air Force ordered eleven machines in September 1922. The machine was the fastest bomber at this time and also showed great success in air sports.
Mass production started in 1924 for the French Air Force and for export. The main variants were the Jäger Br.19 A2 and the light bomber Br.19 B2 . A number of engines were installed, e.g. B. a Lorraine-Dietrich 12Db (400 HP) and Lorraine-Dietrich 12Eb (450 HP), as well as Renault 12K and Hispano-Suiza engines. The variant Br.19 C2 was a heavy bomber and the Br.19 CN2 a night fighter .
The Br.19 GR ( Grand Raid ) was designed for long-haul flights . The Super Bidon version had a huge tank for 5580 liters of fuel.
Many aircraft were exported, e.g. B. to Yugoslavia , Poland , Romania , Greece and Spain . The Br.19 hydro was a seaplane . There was also a passenger aircraft variant , the Br.19T , for a maximum of six passengers.
In total, more than 2000 Breguet 19s were built, 700 of them at the Spanish CASA , the Belgian SABCA and the Yugoslav factory in Kraljevo.
Military use
From autumn 1924 the French Air Force used the A2 variant. The B2 was introduced in June 1926, then the C2 and the CN2. It was the most widely used aircraft in the French Air Force until the early 1930s. Its use ended in the French colonies around 1938.
The Polish Air Force bought 250 Breguet 19 A2 and B2 with Lorraine-Dietrich 12Eb (450 HP) engines between 1925 and 1930. At the end of the 1930s, they were used as training aircraft. In the Second World War , however, the Poles no longer used the machines.
Belgium bought 6 Br.19 B2 in 1924 with license rights. 146 Br.19 A2 and B2 were reproduced at SABCA 1926–1930.
Spain bought a prototype and license rights in 1923. 19 aircraft were bought completely, then 26 were assembled from French parts. Then another 177 units were built at CASA. In the Spanish Civil War , a total of 135 Spanish Breguet fought 19 on the Republican side and 20 Polish machines. However, the machines suffered heavy losses.
Yugoslavia bought 100 Br.19 A2 in 1924 and a building license in 1927. 300 machines were manufactured in the Kraljevo plant. Many machines were used in World War II. After the occupation of Yugoslavia, the Croatian air force received 46 aircraft from the Germans. The partisans of Tito used several captured machines.
The Romanian Air Force bought 163 Breguet 19 types. The Greek Air Force owned 30 machines that were used in the Italian attack in 1940. Iran, then called Persia, bought two machines in 1925.
Other machines went to the Republic of China , 70 to Turkey , 25 to Argentina , five to Brazil , twelve to Venezuela , Uruguay and Bolivia , which used its ten machines in the Chaco War against Paraguay .
Sports area
The Breguet 19 broke various speed, altitude and long distance records.
- 1925 8,900 km flight from Brussels to Léopoldville , Belgian Congo
- 1925 Flight Tokyo - Paris - London over 13,800 km
- 1926 Flight Warsaw - Tokyo over 10,300 km
- 1927, 14./15. October: First flight with a land plane over the South Atlantic from Saint-Louis (Senegal) to Natal (Brazil) by the French Dieudonné Costes and Joseph Le Brix and subsequent circumnavigation of the world over 57,000 km with the Breguet XIX Nungesser Coli , from San Francisco to Tokyo a ship was used.
further transatlantic flights, u. a.
- 1929, 24.-26. March: Non-stop flight of the Spaniards Jimenez / Iglesias from Seville to Bahia with the CASA-Breguet XIX TR Jesu del Gran Poder over 6650 km in 43:48 hours;
- 1929, 15./16. December: Non-stop flight by Frenchman Challe / Uruguayan Larre-Borgés from Seville to Marajoua near Pernambuco with the CASA-Breguet XIX TR Bidon with 450 HP Lorraine 12Eb over 5670 km in 41 hours;
- 1930, 1st / 2nd September: First non-stop flight of the French Costes / Bellonte from Paris to New York with the Breguet XIX SuperTR Point D'Interrogation over 8912 km in 37:18 hours
- 1932, 10./11. June: longest non-stop flight over sea of the Spanish officers Nariano Barberan / Joaquin Collar from Seville to Camaguey / Cuba with the CASA-Breguet XIX Cuatro Vientos , lost on the onward flight from Havana to Mexico City
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Br.19 B2 (bomber version) |
|---|---|
| crew | 2 |
| length | 9.51 m |
| span | 14.83 m |
| height | 3.89 m |
| Wing area | 49 m² |
| payload | ? kg |
| Empty mass | 1390 kg |
| Max. Takeoff mass | 2229 kg |
| Top speed | 235 km / h |
| Service ceiling | 6000 m |
| Range | 650 km |
| Engines | an engine with 450 PS (approx. 330 kW) |
| Armament |
literature
- Carlo Demand: The great Atlantic flights 1919 to today , Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-87943-909-5
