Bunefer

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Bunefer in hieroglyphics
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Bunefer
(Bu nefer)
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Something good
Floor plan of the tomb of the Bunefer

Bunefer is the name of an ancient Egyptian queen of the 4th Dynasty during the Old Kingdom . It's unsure who she was dating.

identity

Bunefer carried royal titles such as "physical king's daughter" ( Sat-nesu-en-chetef ), " royal wife " and " priestess of Hathor ".

However, your family ties to the royal family are unclear. Since she is referred to in her grave as the priestess of the dead of Pharaoh Shepseskaf , there was at least a closer connection to this ruler. So she is seen partly as his wife, but partly also as his daughter. However, some Egyptologists see her as the wife of King Thamphthis , whose existence is controversial.

A son is also named in her grave, whose name is incomplete. Here, too, the actual family relationship is unclear, as he only held minor offices, which was unusual for the son of a queen. Since the relief in question was clearly added later, it can be assumed that only a more distant relative could be immortalized here.

tomb

Bunefer heard of a rock tomb on Central Field in Giza . It was discovered in 1931/32 by Selim Hassan . The tomb has a unique architecture compared to contemporary facilities. It has two entrances, the east of which leads into a narrow corridor, the west into an elongated room with two shafts in the floor. The front part of this room was originally an unfinished grave, which was only later connected to the Bunefer complex. The rear part borders on the cult area of ​​the grave in the west. On the north wall of the cult room there is a large opening that was created for a later burial. In the southern part of the room a shaft leads down to the sarcophagus chamber. These included an unlabeled limestone - sarcophagus .

literature

  • Michel Baud : Famille royale et pouvoir sous l'Ancien Empire égyptien. Tome 2 (= Bibliothèque d'Étude. Volume 126/2). Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, Cairo 1999, ISBN 2-7247-0250-6 , p. 445 ( PDF; 16.7 MB ).
  • Aidan Dodson , Dyan Hilton: The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt . The American University in Cairo Press, London 2004, ISBN 977-424-878-3 , pp. 52-61.
  • Selim Hassan : Excavations at Giza . Vol. 6, Oxford / Cairo 1932–1960, pp. 176–199.
  • Peter Jánosi : Giza in the 4th dynasty. The building history and occupancy of a necropolis in the Old Kingdom. Volume I: The mastabas of the core cemeteries and the rock graves . Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7001-3244-1 , pp. 410-415 ( PDF; 8.9 MB ).
  • Bertha Porter , Rosalind LB Moss : Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs and Paintings. III. Memphis . 2nd Edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1974, p. 256 ( PDF; 30.5 MB ).
  • Silke Roth: The royal mothers of ancient Egypt from the early days to the end of the 12th dynasty. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2001, ISBN 3-447-04368-7 .
  • Joyce A. Tyldesley : Chronicle of the queens of Egypt: from early dynastic times to the death of Cleopatra. Thames & Hudson, London 2006, ISBN 0500051453 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Joyce A. Tyldesley: Chronicle of the queens of Egypt . P. 46ff.
  2. ↑ Silke Roth: The King of the Old Kingdom mothers ... . P. 397ff.
personal data
SURNAME Bunefer
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Queen of the ancient Egyptian 4th Dynasty
DATE OF BIRTH 26th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 26th century BC BC or 25th century BC Chr.