Burbach (Wutha-Farnroda)
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Burbach
Wutha-Farnroda municipality
Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 41 ″ N , 10 ° 25 ′ 19 ″ E
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| Height : | 280 m above sea level NN |
| Residents : | 10 |
| Postal code : | 99848 |
| Area code : | 036921 |
 Location of Burbach in Wutha-Farnroda
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 In the local area of Burbach
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Burbach is a district of the municipality of Wutha-Farnroda in western Thuringia with about ten inhabitants. It is named after the Burbach , which flows through the town. Burbach still has its own district, but has been part of Kahlenberg since a regional reform in the 1950s .
geography
The district is located in a valley cut south of the Hörselberge , about 10 kilometers east of the city of Eisenach . The length of this striking ridge is about 7 kilometers, the width barely 2 kilometers. The ridge can be divided from west to east with two narrow valleys reaching down to the Hörsel . The western part with the Kleiner Hörselberg ( 436 m above sea level ) extends to the Burbacher Pass , the Mittelberg ( 431 m above sea level ) extends to the Zapfengrund , all of which are dominated by the legendary Große Hörselberg ( 484 m above sea level ) with the Venus cave in the East.
The emergence of the Thuringian Forest as a mountain range about 150 million years ago also resulted in the elevation of a group of eyrie clods in the northern foreland which, in addition to the striking Hörselberg, also includes the seamounts near Gotha and the neighboring Petersberg near Eisenach. Geological faults in the rock layers at the Wuthaer quarry prove that the sedimentary layers of red sandstone and shell limestone moved by natural forces in the earth's crust were broken several times and shifted against each other. The slightly weathered layers of red sandstone at the foot of the Hörselberge near Burbach and Jesusbrünnlein were the cause of the Burbacher Talung.
The small settlement initially consisting of only two neighboring four-sided courtyards is connected by a village road with Kahlenberg and the main settlement of Wutha-Farnroda, three kilometers to the west. In the GDR era, garden plots with weekend houses were cultivated on the access road and three more settlement houses were built. The geographic height of the place is 250 m above sea level. NN .
The BAB 4 route, which was dismantled in 2011, touches the town from the north. The Burbach is an orographically right tributary of the Hörsel .
history
Originally, the Burbach counted as a Fulda fief. The farm was on an old road that crossed the Hörselberg and led to the monastery property in the Nessetal around Großenlupnitz . The sale of all Fulda properties around Großenlupnitz and Wenigenlupnitz to the Eisenach Charterhouse in 1414 was significant for local history .
In addition to the Rehhof and the courts of Wutha , the Burbacher Hof formed the northern part of the Farnroda manor , which dates back to the 13th century. The Eisenach Carthusian monks took advantage of many opportunities to acquire the best properties in the Eisenach area by buying or exchanging land. As early as 1461 they sold the Burbach property to the burgrave Hartmann von Kirchberg , and seals of a Count of Beichlingen and the Fulda prince abbot were attached to the document as confirmation. The western courtyard, protected by a wide moat, was probably rebuilt after the Thirty Years' War on the foundations of the previous building. This building complex may have been a Kahlenberg castle built by the Wangenheimers during the Thuringian War of Succession , the location of which is still controversial.
A list of compulsory labor in the Farnroda rulership, drawn up in 1717, names Michael Eberhardt , Bastian Kehr , Hans-Peter Schieck , Hans Liebetrau and Hans Wolff as residents of Burbach, so five families still lived and worked in the remote hamlet at that time. Only with the death of the last Farnroda burgrave of Kirchberg Karl Friedrich in 1799 did this property fall to the House of Saxony-Weimar . The boundary stones from the 19th century, placed a short distance along the Burbach land border, mark this new state border between the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha with the land of Kahlenberg and the (later) Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach . The corridor of Burbach, enclosed on three sides, encompassed the valley floor and the adjoining meadows, the Kahlenberger and beyond the Hörsel Schönauer corridor district was owned by the Wangenheimers as landlords and court lords. In the 19th century Burbach was counted together with the Rehhof and the hamlet of Wutha to the municipality of Eichrodt. The last private owners in Burbach - a Wedekamp family left the farm in 1960. LPG Hörselberg took over the agricultural buildings and lands. At the four-sided courtyard, which had already been designated as a monument in the 1930s, the gate entrance and ancillary buildings were torn down in the 1960s. In 1978, the Kahlenberg community was given the opportunity to acquire the homestead. A doctor from Erfurt acquired the property in 1979 as a summer house and set up a naturopathic practice.
Attractions
- The former Vierseithof Burbach 1 was completely surrounded by a moat. The remains of the ditches and ponds of the courtyard fortifications as well as the representative main building are under monument protection. The farm buildings and the gatehouse were not preserved.
- The former Vierseithof Burbach 2 is still used for agricultural purposes as a sideline. Outbuildings are still preserved here.
- Above the village to the saddle of the Hörselberge, an old road leads over the Burbacher Pass into the Nessetal. The ravines are still clearly recognizable in the forest and are protected as a ground monument.
- All around the district of Burbach, one encounters historical boundary stones from the 19th century.
literature
- Lutz Baumbach, Birgit Eichler, Christina Reißig, etal: Commemorative publication for the local anniversary 750 years of Kahlenberg . Heimatverlag Hörselberg, Wutha-Farnroda 1998, p. 94 .
- Illustrated books Wutha-Farnroda Volumes I – IV . Geiger, Horb am Neckar 1991, 1992, 1997 and 2003, ISBN 3-89264-596-5 , ISBN 3-89264-706-2 , ISBN 3-89570-284-6 and ISBN 3-89570-859-3 .
- Heinrich Weigel: Monograph of the Hörselberge Part I - The nature of the Hörselberge. In: Eisenach writings on local history. Issue 37, Eisenach 1987, 80 pp.
- Heinrich Weigel: Monograph of the Hörselberge Part II - On the history of the Hörselberge. In: Eisenach writings on local history. Issue 38, Eisenach 1988, 104 pp.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
- ^ Roland Geyer: The development of the Hörselberg area in geological history . Ed .: Municipality of Wutha-Farnroda. Druckhaus Gast & Frisch GmbH, Eisenach 2009, p. 66 .
- ^ Thuringian State Institute for the Environment (ed.): Area and waterway key figures (directory and map). Jena 1998. 26 pp.
- ↑ Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces . Jenzig-Verlag, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , Kahlenberg (Wartburgkreis), p. 151 .
- ^ Heike Fischer: Festschrift 650 years of Wutha . Ed .: Municipal administration Wutha-Farnroda. Druck- und Verlagshaus Frisch, Eisenach 1999, p. 73-74 .
- ↑ Lutz Baumbach, Birgit Eichler, Christina Reißig, etal: Festschrift for the local jubilee 750 years of Kahlenberg . Heimatverlag Hörselberg, Wutha-Farnroda 1998, Burbach, p. 73-74 .
