Wutha
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Wutha
Wutha-Farnroda municipality
Coordinates: 50 ° 57 '24 " N , 10 ° 23' 44" E
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| Height : | 240 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 4.23 km² |
| Residents : | 1160 (June 1, 2009) |
| Population density : | 274 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1987 |
| Postal code : | 99848 |
| Area code : | 036921 |
 Location of Wutha in Wutha-Farnroda
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 Partial view
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Wutha is an eponymous district of the municipality of Wutha-Farnroda in the Wartburg district in Thuringia .
location
The geographic height of the place is 240 m above sea level. NN , the district area is 423 hectares.
history
Wutha was first mentioned in 1349:
- In the year of the Lord in 1349 Friedrich and Helmrecht von Farnroda and Ticzko, their uncle, received the Farnroda Castle with all its affiliations, as well as the village of Wutha and its affiliations, as well as the village of Eichrodt; ... also all goods in Witingervelt ...
The hamlet-like village of Wutha was located on the lower reaches of the Erbstrom , which was referred to here as Wutaha - meaning wild or angry brook . This peculiarity probably relates to the risk of flooding in the mountains after the snow melts. The farms on the "Wutinger Feld", also mentioned, belonged to the Eisenach monastery property, and (secular) bailiffs took over their administration.
The origin of Wutha is still in the dark, the place was on the Via Regia , but was of little importance until the 19th century. This was also expressed in the fact that the residents, depending on the street , were parish to Farnroda or to Großenlupnitz , 4 km away . The "Lords of Farnroda" mentioned in a document were the castle men of the Farnroda moated castle . The castle ruins - only one tower remained - is located barely two kilometers south of Wutha. In the following 200 years, the Farnrodaers became officials and bailiffs of Tenneberg Castle , and they often became mayors in various important places in the Nesse and Hörsel areas. With "Osana von Farnroda", 1421–31 abbess of the influential Katharinenkloster in Eisenach and "Margarethe von Farnroda" at the same place 1519–22 last abbess of this monastery, the heyday of the noble family ended. In 1461 the burgraves of Kirchberg acquired the Farnroda rule, the Farnroda knights were no longer able to meet their financial obligations and had to give up their home country.
In the shadow of the Farnrodaer, other noble families had also settled in the Erbstromtal. In 1452 a knight "Hans von Wutha" received the Schunkenhof (at that time still in the Mosbacher Flur). The Rehhof on the Schönau corridor border was of great importance. This homestead was owned by the Nikolaikloster and served as the Terminhof. There the agricultural taxes of the surrounding towns were collected several times during the year. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the Rehhof had its own corridor, including rights to the Hörsel and land on the northern Rehberg .
Field names on the steep southern flank of the Kleiner Hörselberg are reminiscent of former viticulture, which probably dates back to the monastery era. As recently as 1772, some farmers in Wutha owned vines and had to pay a tax on the yield. It was not until the 19th century that fruit wine replaced the previous grape wine. As a power source for mills, the Erbstrom (or Wutha brook) on the lower reaches of the lower course only appeared late, there was the medieval mill compulsion , which dictated which mill the farmers had to use. On the lower reaches of the Mosbach (near Schunkenhof) there was a mill belonging to Mosbach , it was probably enough to process the Wuthaer grain yield. A hammer mill was in operation there at times in the 16th century. The income from the copper mining of Elsterberg near Mosbach was not enough to operate the complex mining technology profitably. Operations were discontinued in favor of the Thal and Farnroda smelters .
When the Kirchbergers died out and their feudal rights were returned to the rulership, administrative reforms could be initiated in the Farnroda rulership , which favored the amalgamation of the two places Wutha and Eichrodt. Eichrodt and Wutha were assigned to Eisenach Administrative District III . In 1826 the Wutha paper mill was put into operation, it was located on the current site of Petkus Agricultural Machinery Factory in Wutha am Erbstrom. The mill remained separate from the houses in Wutha. The mill property was acquired in 1874 by a master blacksmith from Wutha, who founded a company for agricultural machinery ( Röber ). A modern industrial company was created through constant improvement and expansion of the range of products. After the Second World War, the company premises in Wutha were nationalized.
As early as 1859, Wutha received a stop on the Halle – Bebra railway line . Many of the small businesses and companies located around the train station have been forgotten today, so there was also a master workshop for carousel construction, a canning factory, a sawmill and carpentry in Wutha. The stain remover from the Nuth company was an item that had been produced for decades.
In the 19th century, the population rose rapidly: in 1820 6 houses with 38 inhabitants, in 1840 again 6 houses with 47 inhabitants, in 1864 already 10 houses with 74 inhabitants and in 1869 12 houses with 67 inhabitants.
In 1911 Wutha was connected to the power grid, the operator was a Gotha company. For the districts of Wutha and Eichrodt, the cemetery and a chapel with a burial room were built in 1912.
After the end of the First World War, the grand ducal government ended with the prince abdication. The political forces, which often developed contradictingly in the Thuringian states, resulted in the rapid disintegration of the political order. At the same time, attempts were made to realign the existing administrative structures. Against this background, the founding of the Eisenach city district on April 1, 1919, the incorporation of some of the surrounding communities, which was completed by 1922, and the settlement of these places ordered by the state administration in 1924 must be seen. As a result of this administrative reform, the new place "Wutha / Thuringia" with the districts of Eichrodt and Wutha was created. In addition to the train station, a limestone quarry on Weinbergstrasse has been expanded since the end of the 19th century and turned into the Wuthaer Kalkwerk. The striking rock face, over 20 m high, is now a geological natural monument.
A construction warehouse for the construction of the Reichsautobahn was set up on Kahlenberger Weg in 1936 . From 1936 to 1938 the workers housed in Wutha were able to complete essential parts of the route of the Reichsautobahnlinie 80, today part of the Bundesautobahn 4 , in the Wuthaer and Kahlenberger Flur. The planned motorway junction at the Kirchtal was intended to connect the planned route 85 via Breitungen and Meiningen to the southern Thuringian and northern Bavarian regions. The first sections of the route, which was already under construction, were laid between Barchfeld and Niederschmalkalden before the start of the war , and the first structural sections of the planned motorway triangle were also built near Wutha. The route section of today's BAB 4 was no longer completed in the area of Karolinenbrücke Eisenach and in the Kirchtal near Wutha, provisional bypasses were set up, some of which remained in operation until the early 1980s. The structural parts to connect the route 85 remained unfinished and were built over with a dam in the area of the church valley during the expansion of the Autobahn 4.
The Wutha barracks camp existed for this purpose until the outbreak of war in 1939. In the 1940s until the end of the war, the camp was used for forced labor and epidemic / quarantine camps. Numerous dead were buried in the burial place "In den Erlengräben". The Hörselberg Museum in Schönau dedicated a special exhibition to the construction of the motorway and the Wutha barracks camp in 2011.
On April 7, 1945, Wutha was occupied by US troops, which were later replaced by Soviet occupation forces . After the Second World War, Wutha was developed into an industrial village. To the east of the train station, storage areas were created: a timber loading terminal of the State Forestry Enterprise Eisenach and silos and halls for agricultural fertilizers of the Agrochemical Center Wutha were the most important residents. The construction of the residential area Wutha-Mölmen began in 1984. In this context, a lignite heating plant with a rail connection for district heating and a concrete plant were built on the outskirts, in the direction of Schönau. The merger of Wutha and Farnroda and the Mölmen housing estate, completed in 1987, made the new town the largest rural community in the Erfurt district .
Attractions
- The striking rock face opposite the Wutha train station is on the ascent to the Kleiner Hörselberg and was created as the quarry of the former lime works in Wutha. The area is known as a geological outcrop.
- The Kleine Hörselberg is of touristic importance. The Kammweg - also part of the Ecumenical Pilgrimage through Thuringia - leads east to Sättelstädt and Gotha and west to Eisenach.
- The Wutha station is a stop on the railway line Halle-Bebra . It was also the starting point of the Rühler Bimmel - the former Wutha – Ruhla railway line . A small exhibition on Eisenacher Strasse reminds of this disused railway line.
- The park around the town hall of Wutha-Farnroda, planted with many rhododendrons , was built around 1900 as part of the Röber factory owner's villa.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
- ↑ Woldemar Lippert , Hans Beschorner (ed.): The loan book of Frederick the Strict, Margrave of Meissen and Landgrave of Thuringia . Leipzig 1903, p. 11-12 . No. I, 37.
- ↑ After all, the Eisenach city administration on the eastern boundary of the district was able to enforce significant land boundary corrections in favor of the city.
- ↑ http://www.autobahngeschichte.de , accessed on February 1, 2013
literature
- Wutha-Farnroda community (ed.): Commemorative publication for the local jubilee 650 years Wutha . Druck- und Verlagshaus Frisch, Eisenach 1999, p. 118 .
- Illustrated books Wutha-Farnroda Volumes I – IV . Geiger, Horb am Neckar 1991, 1992, 1997 and 2003, ISBN 3-89264-596-5 , ISBN 3-89264-706-2 , ISBN 3-89570-284-6 and ISBN 3-89570-859-3 .
