Thal (Ruhla)
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Thal
City of Ruhla
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| Height : | 308 m |
| Area : | 3.16 km² |
| Residents : | 1975 (Dec. 31, 2005) |
| Population density : | 625 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | June 30, 1994 |
| Postal code : | 99842 |
| Area code : | 036929 |
 Location of Thal in Ruhla
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 Partial view
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The place Thal is a district of the Thuringian city of Ruhla in the Wartburg district that was incorporated in 1994 . The population of Thal was 1975 in 2005.
location
The center of Thal is located in the northwest of the Thuringian Forest , about 2 km north of the town of Ruhla at an altitude of about 320 meters. The federal highway 88 touches the place north. From south to north the hereditary current flows through the place in which the Thalbach flows in the center of the village.
history
The settlement of the Thal area and the surrounding area took place between the 11th and 13th centuries in the second clearing period of the Thuringian Forest.
In 1253, monks of the Wilhelmite Order established their first settlement in Thuringia, first in a small side valley of the Erbstrom , then, from 1301 to 1307, again on Heiligenstein , a prominent rock spur on the southern edge of the valley. After the Peasants' War the monastery was closed. While the church could still be used for worship, the monastery complex was secularized and sold. The last prior of the monastery converted and became the first Evangelical Lutheran pastor of Thal.
In addition to agriculture, mining was the main source of income for the population. Numerous pings and remains of tunnels are evidence of the search for copper ores in the Zange forest district . Mills and smelters were built in the valley floor to process the ore extracted. The hereditary current flowing through the village served as mill water, and, like in Ruhla , it also formed the border between two Saxon duchies since the 16th century. The historic center of Thal with the Scharfenburg belonged to the Uetterodtschen court in the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha (later Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ). As the seat of the judicial office in Thal, there was a local court and further administrative offices of the Waltershausen district office . The neighboring district of Heiligenstein to the west belonged to the Eisenach office in the Duchy of Saxony-Eisenach (later Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach ). It was not until the state of Thuringia was formed in 1922 that the two places were combined to form Thal-Heiligenstein. On February 25, 1936, the municipality name was officially changed to "Thal (Thuringia)".
On April 13, 1813, the spontaneous and non-fighting surrender of the Thuringian regiments, which had been newly set up in a collection camp here on the orders of Napoleon, took place in front of a Prussian patrol .
After 1850, Thal became known for the spa operations and tourism that began around this time. The Kurhaus Luisenbad was built in 1865 by Mrs. Luise Schulte . A promenade was built on the western edge of the village and the temple was built on a prominent rock . The Kittelsthal stalactite cave , discovered by chance during mining in 1888 and ceremonially opened in 1896, contributed to a rapid increase in tourism. At that time Thal was recognized as a health resort and was allowed to use the place name Bad Thal ; however, the bad title was revoked in the 1960s. In addition to the connection to the Wutha-Ruhla railway line in 1880, the village also received a new village school around 1905. In the years 1928/29 the Thaler swimming club under the direction of the entrepreneur Wilhelm Naber created a spacious bathing facility from the boggy Richter's pond , which quickly developed into the largest open-air swimming pool in the area and which still exists today.
The majority of the town's inhabitants worked in Ruhla companies since the First World War . On March 25, 1920, the civil war-like unrest after the suppression of the Kapp Putsch led to a massacre of Thaler workers - today known as the Mechterstädt murders . A memorial stone in the Thal cemetery commemorates this.
The metal processing industry in Ruhla also created business units and jobs in Thal. In addition to a manufacturing facility for the mass production of rivets and standard parts , the VEB Acosta Elektromechanik was established , which produced electrical devices in GDR times. Most of the manufacturing facilities were taken over in 1991 by the electrical company REV Ritter .
With the completion of the regional reform in Thuringia in 1994, the formerly independent town of Thal became one of the districts of the neighboring town of Ruhla.
politics
A local council is active in Thal, chaired by Karl-Josef Backhaus ( CDU ).
The twin town of Thal has been Lorsch in Hesse since 1990 .
The local coat of arms shows the Scharfenburg castle as motifs above the sun and moon (from the Uetterodt coat of arms).
Attractions
Scharfenburg
The Scharfenburg was built in the 12th century by the Fulda Abbey to control important road connections in the Thuringian Forest. As a pledge, the castle changed hands several times (Lords of Stein, Lords of Frankenstein , Lords of Salza , Counts of Henneberg and others). Was first documented in the region as Löttöpfchen or Löttöpf'n known Scharf Castle This document calls a year in 1137. Boppo de Lapide (rock) as the owner of the castle, which is therefore one of the oldest stone castles in western Thuringia. The castle was besieged and destroyed several times in the 15th century when the lords of Laucha made this area unsafe as robber barons. In 1452 the brothers Hans and Berthold von Uetterodt acquired the property and built a permanent house (moated castle) in the village of Thal , the current administrative building . From the castle, which was built on a 396 meter high, isolated mountain cone, remnants of the surrounding wall, the gatehouse and the moat fortification in front are still preserved. The imposing keep (round tower) in the center of the complex is now used as a lookout tower, inside there are some display boards on the castle history.
Weissenborn Monastery
The church of Thal and some outbuildings go back to the medieval Weissenborn monastery . The monks living as hermits were supported by the Lords of Schlotheim, who provided them with land for the construction of the monastery. The task of the monks was to provide pastoral care for the surrounding settlements as well as help for travelers and pilgrims (hostel or hospital) in need on the pass roads of the Ruhla area. Until the Reformation, the monks also looked after the pilgrimages to the Scharfenburg (castle chapel).
Home parlor
In the historic Oberhof , a building belonging to the Scharfenberg rulership, which later housed the ducal chief forester's office, the Thal home room and the public library of the Heimatverein are now located. The Heimatstube, opened by the Heimatverein in 1999, provides information in five rooms about the history of Thal, the Scharfenberg castle ruins and the Wilhelmite monastery in Weißenborn, about witch trials, geology, flora and fauna as well as the local customs. Thaler folk costumes complete the facility.
Viewpoints
The little temple is a popular hiking destination and vantage point . Located on the Schossberg promenade, it was built as a lookout point on a promenade at the time of the emerging tourism. Repaired several times, it was completely rebuilt in 1972/73 by comrades from the Thal volunteer fire brigade. Since then, the Temple Festival has been held every year .
Memorials
In the cemetery of Thal is the memorial for the 15 workers from Thal who were shot by a student corps (Marburg) on March 25, 1920 during the Kapp Putsch riots in March . See Mechterstädt murders .
Another memorial was dedicated to the playwright, writer and first Schiller biographer Emil Palleske , who died in Thal on October 28, 1880.
The Stoll monument , a memorial plaque, was erected in 1928 in honor of the dialect and linguist Dr. Walter Stoll (1902–1927) built by Thaler citizens.
The tomb of the general and Pour le Mérite bearer Max Ludwig is located in the park of "Haus Felseneck" .
caves
The area around Thal is rich in natural caves and evidence of late medieval mining. The Hohler Stein cave is on the summit of the Schossberg ; However, only very slim visitors can crawl through them. The Knight's Cave on the opposite side of the valley on the eastern slope of the Spitzigen Stein was already known in the Middle Ages . The so-called New Year's Eve holes are noticeable in severe frosts through rising steam, which escapes from the earth-covered crevices not far from the Kittelsthal stalactite cave . The oven hole is located about two kilometers east of Thal on the north face of the Great Wartberg . This natural cave is also linked to the appearance of the legendary Venetians. The Wittgensteiner Höhle is located about two kilometers north of Thal in the Farnroda corridor . It is located in the Wittgenstein rock face, which rises about 30 m above the valley floor of the Erbstrom. When the cave chamber was uncovered, to the surprise of the speleologists, a medieval ceramic pot was also recovered. The caves were thus demonstrably used as hiding places. Various evidences of medieval mining were marked on display boards. For safety reasons, the mine tunnels at risk of collapse, for example on the castle hill below the Schafenburg, have been kept safe by the mountain security for decades.
Natural monuments
The striking 600 to 700 year old linden tree on the village green was designated as a natural monument in 1966 . In 1985, the approximately one hundred year old ginkgo tree in Gartenstrasse was also placed under protection.
Personalities
- Johann Ludwig Bach (1677–1731), composer; was born in Thal, now a district of Ruhla
- Wilhelm von Braun (1790–1872), Anhalt Minister
- Max Ludwig (1871–1961), General of the Artillery and Chief of the Army Weapons Office; lived in Thal
- Hans Heß (* 1929), Rear Admiral and Deputy Chief of the People's Navy; was born in Thal, now a district of Ruhla
Trivia
The natural lake, which was once located near Thal, was drained and filled in in the 19th century; in its place are the Thal outdoor swimming pool and tennis courts. In the 1960s, a retention basin was created in Fuchsgrund near Thal in order to be able to store process water for the industrial companies in Ruhla and Seebach. In the center of the village, the name “Am Wasserfall” is reminiscent of a cascade that used to exist here.
Thal and Heiligenstein
Memorial stone for those who fell in March
literature
- In the middle of the Thuringian romanticism . In: The Gazebo . Issue 26, 1866, pp. 411–414 ( full text [ Wikisource ] - with 2 illustrations).
- Walter Böhm: Festschrift for the 750th anniversary of the municipality of Thal . Ed .: Festival committee 750-year celebration Thal. Druckerei Frisch, Eisenach 1991, p. 62 .
Web links
- General plan of Thal with the Scharfenburg and Heiligenstein Monastery from the 17th century.
- Official website of the Heimatverein Thal e. V.
Individual evidence
- ^ City of Ruhla: 16 years of structural change in Ruhla 1990–2006 . Hegl print shop.
- ↑ Statistics of the German Empire . Volume 450: Official directory of municipalities for the German Reich , Part I. Berlin 1939, p. 275
- ↑ Wolfgang Eberhardt: From the history of the Scharfenburg near Thal , Ruhla (1994).
- ↑ Wolfgang Eberhardt: Brief history of the Wilhelmitenkloster Weißenborn near Thal , Bruchsal (1979).
- ^ Adelheid Schulze: Historical tour through the Ruhla district Thal , Ruhla (2008).
- ^ Geyer, Jahne, Storch: Geological sights of the Wartburg district and the independent city of Eisenach . In: District Office Wartburgkreis, Lower Nature Conservation Authority (Hrsg.): Nature conservation in the Wartburgkreis . Booklet 8. Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach and Bad Salzungen 1999, ISBN 3-9806811-1-4 , p. 72-75 .
- ↑ Klaus and Anita Schöllhorn, G. Malcher: The Kittelsthaler stalactite cave . Ed .: City administration Ruhla. 4th revised edition. Verlag + Druckerei Löhr, Ruhla 2006, The historical mining around Kittelsthal , p. 11-13 .
- ^ Biedermann: Natural monuments in the Wartburg district . District Office Wartburgkreis, 2014, p. 42
- ^ Biedermann: Natural monuments in the Wartburg district . District Office Wartburgkreis, 2014, p. 43