Grossenlupnitz
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Grossenlupnitz
Municipality Hörselberg-Hainich
Coordinates: 50 ° 59 ′ 38 " N , 10 ° 24 ′ 30" E
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| Height : | 240 (230-250) m |
| Area : | 16.15 km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1996 |
| Incorporated into: | Hörselberg |
| Postal code : | 99820 |
| Area code : | 036920 |
 Location of Großenlupnitz in Hörselberg-Hainich
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 View from the southwest
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Großenlupnitz is a district of the Thuringian municipality Hörselberg-Hainich in the Wartburg district .
geography
The community of Großenlupnitz is located about seven kilometers northeast of Eisenach on the banks of the Nesse , it is relatively protected in a depression. Großenlupnitz is a national park community of the Hainich National Park . The total area of the district is 16.15 km². The highest point is on the Kleiner Hörselberg ( 436 m above sea level ), which is also the southernmost point of the district. The municipality is traversed by the first order Nesse from east to west, from the north the Böber flows into the Nesse.
history
The corridor of the district of Großenlupnitz was already settled by people in prehistoric times. Archaeological finds document a continuous settlement since the Neolithic.
In Carolingian times , the Großmark Behringen formed on the western edge of the Thuringian Basin , consisting of Wolfsbehringen , Großenbehringen , to the east of which Oesterbehringen and the western deserted Westheim ; Here, Fulda Monastery and Hersfeld Monastery had already received donations from landlords in the 8th or early 9th century. To the south of this area, the Mark Lupnitz joined with Altenlupnitz (today Wenigenlupnitz) and Großenlupnitz as main towns. Grossenlupnitz was first mentioned in a document as Lupence on March 13, 779. At that time there was a parish church in the village that was assigned to the Hersfeld monastery and consecrated to Saints Peter and Paul.
In the so-called Saxon War in 1075, the rebels from Thuringia and Saxony gathered on a square above the town of Großenlupnitz to oppose the imperial army of King Heinrich IV. The fighting on June 9, 1075 was later mentioned in the chronicles as the Battle of Homburg an der Unstrut and ended with a crushing defeat for the rebels. The tracts of land touched by the rebels on the south and east of the Hainich during the campaign were devastated and plundered by the imperial army. A register of the duties and goods of the Fulda monastery documents the production of cloth in Lupnitz. In addition to cattle, grain, flax and wool, the levies also include brewing wood. The estate of the monastery was handed over to a Vogt who also exercised the lower jurisdiction. The Fulda monastery had a second church built on the outskirts, it was consecrated to Saint Boniface, and also appointed a pastor there.
In 1194 the area around Lupnitz belonged to the possessions of the Thuringian landgraves, they received annual taxes and income. The Frauensee monastery received the parish of the Peter and Paul Church from the Abbot of Hersfeld in 1222. In 1236 the abbot from Fulda sold the Lupnitzer mill to the Frauensee monastery. In the 13th century, landgrave ministerials were installed in Lupnitz. Hermann von Lupenze, mentioned in documents, and his sons Bertold and Heinrich exercised their office in the stone courtyard opposite the Peter and Paul Church (reference to a stone bower). In the Thuringian War of Succession there were again armed conflicts in the region, the previous local nobility can still be proven until 1274, in 1277 the Lords of Wangenheim took over the lower jurisdiction in the place. In 1304, Heinrich Lusse, a member of the Wangenheim family, acquired the rights to use a fish pasture in the Nesse near Großenlupnitz. In 1357, the family branch of the Lords of Erffa , which was already resident in Wenigenlupnitz, was enfeoffed by Landgrave Friedrich II with goods in Großenlupnitz. The sale of all Fulda properties around Lupnitz to the Eisenach Charterhouse in 1414 was also significant for local history . The Carthusian monks were able to take over the entire village of Großenlupnitz by 1498, as the Erffas had sold their possessions in Großenlupnitz to the Wartburg bailiff in 1492. But as early as 1503 the Carthusian monks sold the village to Elector Friedrich the Wise. From the 16th century there are reports of a considerable increase in attacks on the old escort road over the Künkel, in 1550 several merchants were killed there and a memorial cross was placed on the road as a reminder . With the Reformation, the two parishes in Großenlupnitz were united, and school lessons began. In the Thirty Years War, the place had lost a large part of the population. After a major fire in 1648, only the church, the school, a mill and four farms were spared from the fire. The Nessebrücke was rebuilt as a wooden bridge in 1701, it had to be renewed as early as 1750 after a flood. Of the two medieval churches, only the Peter and Paul Church remained, the dilapidated church was renovated from 1713 to 1716 and consecrated on November 3, 1716. The new rectory was completed in 1725. An epidemic brought in by the fleeing Napoleonic troops in the late autumn of 1813 killed numerous residents by the spring of 1814. In 1938 a mass grave with the remains of the dead was discovered on the western edge of the village. In 1885, a scarlet fever epidemic claimed 28 children's lives in the village. The road to Eisenach was expanded as a state road from 1825 to 1827. In the 19th century the previously independent Gut Trenkelhof was incorporated into Großenlupnitz. The first post office was founded in 1895, and in 1897 a telephone and telegraph line to Eisenach was opened. At the turn of the century, the population had increased sharply, now 864 people lived in the village (with Trenkelhof). In 1912 the Nessebrücke was renewed using concrete as a building material. The military training area at Kindel was created in 1936, with the money the community was able to purchase 151 hectares of forest from Baron Klitzing from Wenigenlupnitz. The Trenkelhof estate was bought by the Eisenach city administration in 1941 and transferred to Eisenach. The LPG-Type I Justus Liebig was founded in 1960 in the village, later an LPG-Type III, founded as a pig and cattle fattening operation, was added - it was called LPG Nessetal . From 1962, school classes 7 and 8 were initially taught in the Wenigenlupnitz school, then all children were brought to Wenigenlupnitz by school bus to the central school in Wenigenlupnitz, which was built in 1969.
On February 25, 1994, Beuernfeld and Bolleroda were incorporated into Großenlupnitz. On January 1, 1996, Großenlupnitz and four other places formed the new municipality of Hörselberg , which merged with Behringen on December 1, 2007 to form the current municipality of Hörselberg-Hainich.
Culture and sights
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societies
There is a fire brigade club, a horse and equestrian sports club, small animal breeders and the Nessetal Shepherd Dog Association in the village.
- Großenlupnitz has one of the oldest and most traditional church choirs in the Wartburg district. The church choir St. Peter and Paul was established after the Thirty Years War and was intended to provide musical accompaniment to the Protestant service. The singers also performed at weddings, anniversaries and funfair celebrations.
- The men's choir was founded on January 18, 1880. The association organized a large song festival in 1901 and was a co-founder of the "Großenlupnitzer Liedertafel". The 80th Singing Festival was held in 1960 in the park of the children's home in Wenigenlupnitz. The number of members declining for reasons of age led to the merger with the Wenigenlupnitz men's choir, which also took over singers from Melborn and Ettenhausen.
- The women's choir Nessetal eV was founded in autumn 1979 by six women from the towns of the Nessetal and grew to more than 20 singers in the following years.
Fair
Since 2004 there has been a tent fair on the local soccer field on the last weekend in August. Invitations are given to fair services, parades, dance events and other activities. The festival is organized by the Kirmesgesellschaft Großenlupnitz eV, which organizes this village festival with the support of local sponsors.
May Festival
A May Festival has been celebrated every year in Großenlupnitz for several years. The word " May ..." in the name has nothing to do with the month of May , which is why it is not a violation of the date that the festival always takes place at the beginning of June. The date depends on the field work, and on the first weekend in June the hay mowing and the beet chopping were done - the farmers had time for a break and were able to organize a spring festival. Similar to the fair, there are dance events in the marquee and other activities.
Attractions
The ridge of the Hörselberg with the small Hörselberg belonging to the municipality are a popular hiking destination in West Thuringia. The area created on the southern edge of the Hainich National Park with the Silbersee allows year-round nature observations. In the local area there are numerous listed half-timbered houses. The Peter and Paul Church is the local parish church. The building of the former mill is currently being restored after decades of deterioration. There are several horse breeders in the village who have come together to form a riding club. The striking 250 to 300 year old linden tree on the Steinhoeck was designated as a natural monument in 1966 .
traffic
The federal highway 84 and the federal highway 4 , which has the Eisenach-Ost junction here, lead through the district .
Personalities
- Otto Schiek (1898–1980), KPD politician
literature
- Rolf Herm (editor): 1225 years Großenlupnitz (779-1204). Contributions to the history of Großenlupnitz . Ed .: Municipality of Hörselberg. Eckenfelder GmbH, Hörselberg 2004, p. 98 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
- ↑ Hans Patze: Thuringia . Handbook of the historical sites of Germany. Ninth volume. Thuringia. P. 41f
- ↑ a b Volker Schimpf: Die Heden-Orte in Thüringen p. 49
- ↑ a b c d e f Rolf Herm (editor): 1225 years Großenlupnitz (779-1204). Contributions to the history of Großenlupnitz . Ed .: Municipality of Hörselberg. Eckenfelder GmbH, Hörselberg 2004, p. 28-44 .
- ↑ Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia Wartberg Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-86134-631-1 , p. 325
- ↑ Erwin Riske: Stone crosses and related land monuments in the Eisenach district , In: Eisenacher Schriften zur Heimatkunde, issue 14, Eisenach 1981, p. 55
- ^ Voss, Georg (ed.): Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach. District Court District Eisenach. In: Lehfeldt, Paul / Voss, Georg (eds.): Building and art monuments of Thuringia. Booklet XL. Jena 1915 p.452
- ^ Thuringian ordinance on the dissolution of the municipalities of Bolleroda and Beuernfeld and their incorporation into the municipality of Großenlupnitz of January 10, 1994 (GVBl. P. 221)
- ↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 1996
- ↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2007
- ↑ Kirmes ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Maienfest ( Memento of the original from May 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Biedermann: Natural monuments in the Wartburg district; District Office Wartburgkreis, 2014, page 39
