Wenigenlupnitz
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Wenigenlupnitz
Municipality Hörselberg-Hainich
Coordinates: 50 ° 58 ′ 51 ″ N , 10 ° 25 ′ 44 ″ E
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| Height : | 234 m |
| Area : | 10.88 km² |
| Residents : | 630 (December 31, 2011) |
| Population density : | 58 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1996 |
| Incorporated into: | Hörselberg |
| Postal code : | 99820 |
| Area code : | 036920 |
 Location of Wenigenlupnitz in Hörselberg-Hainich
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Wenigenlupnitz is a district of the Thuringian municipality Hörselberg-Hainich in the Wartburg district .
location
Wenigenlupnitz is about 7 km (as the crow flies) northeast of Eisenach on the banks of the Nesse . The ridge of the Hörselberge rises south of the village .
history
The corridor of the Weniglupnitz district was already inhabited by people in prehistoric times. Archaeological finds document a continuous settlement since the Neolithic.
In Carolingian times , the Großmark Behringen formed on the western edge of the Thuringian Basin , consisting of Wolfsbehringen , Großenbehringen , to the east of which Oesterbehringen and the western deserted Westheim ; Here, Fulda Monastery and Hersfeld Monastery had already received donations from landlords in the 8th or early 9th century. To the south of this area, the Mark Lupnitz joined with Altenlupnitz (today Wenigenlupnitz) and Großenlupnitz as main towns.
Hermann von Lupnitz 1224–1268 is named as the first lord of Wenigenlupnitz known by name, he belonged to the service nobility of the Fulda monastery . A relative of Conrad von Lupnitz had been a councilor in Eisenach since 1279 , the family died out with a Conrad von Lupnitz , who lived in Berka / Werra in 1440 .
The lords of Erffa belonged to the numerous noble families who were bound to the Fulda monastery by feudal contracts in West Thuringia in the 13th century . Its main seat was the Wasserburg Erffa , it was about 10 kilometers east of Wenigenlupnitz in today's place Friedrichswerth , on the right bank of the Nesse. The goods in Wenigenlupnitz, which were handed over to Hartung von Erffa in 1357 , were initially handed over to him in his function as monastery bailiff for the Lupnitzorte. In the Lupnitz area, however, the Eisenach Nikolaikloster and from 1414 the Eisenach Carthusian monastery were also represented with extensive possessions and rights. The Erffaic goods in Wenigenlupnitz consisted of a moated castle on the Nesse, which the Lords of Lupnitz had already sold to them earlier, as well as lands and ponds. The brothers Dietrich and Hans von Farnroda acquired the Erffaischen possessions and rights in 1493. The wife of Andreas Friedrich von Uetterodt became a sister of the Farnrodaer . The Uetterodt family soon divided their estates, the branch founded by Andreas Friedrich von Uetterodt took over the estates around Wenigenlupnitz and Melborn in the Nessetal through marriage.
The moated castle built on the right bank of the Nesse was probably converted into a residential palace around 1596. In addition to the castle, the Künkelhof existed as a Vorwerk on the Kindel and an estate located near the castle. Under Wolf Sigismund II von Uetterodt , a major fire in 1795 destroyed the castle, the neighboring estate and half of the village of Wenigenlupnitz.
His son, Count Wolf Sigismund, began to build today's castle in Wenigenlupnitz in 1846. The new building was named Neuscharffenberg - evidence of the close ties to Thal. The residential palace, which was built in the “old German style” under the direction of the architect and building councilor Eberhardt, was last inhabited by Count Ludwig Wolff von Uetterodt, who died there on July 2, 1900. Because there were no heirs, the property was sold and passed through several previous owners to Baron Dietrich von Klitzing in 1906 . The baron wanted to build up a profitable estate economy in Wenigenlupnitz, he had a small hydroelectric power station built to the west of the village and also supplied the two Lupnitz villages with electricity, the land adjacent to the estate was bought and replaced by new buildings, the road to the castle and beyond Melborn was straightened, with parts of the park designed by Hermann Jäger being sacrificed. A wood was planted in the meadow east of the castle and several machines were procured for agricultural work. With Klitzing's help, the mill near the castle was also technically modernized. Around 1918, Baron von Helldorf took over the Klitzing property. Baron Helldorf initiated extensive construction work on the castle and the farm buildings. This included the renovation of the gate with the entrance to the manor. The wall with the Gothic-style west gate of the castle was built over with the half-timbered floor. In the 1920s, the economic crisis and inflation also affected life in rural areas. With government assistance, the manor carried out work on the drainage of the plots in the north and employed up to 100 unemployed people from Eisenach and the surrounding towns. From 1927 the baron handed over responsibility for the manor to two administrators.
The last pre-war owner was Hans Tölke from Quedlinburg. He managed to buy back the buildings and lands that had been burdened by mortgages and also to provide job creation measures for the village population. Parts of the Kindel estate were taken over by the military as a military training area. Tölke moved to Bavaria around 1939 and sold the castle to the Eisenach real estate dealer (?) Werner Natz, who sold it to the Berlin district of Köpenick in 1941. On April 3, 1945, Wenigenlupnitz was taken by the Americans, the damage to the manor and castle buildings was minor.
Until 1990 the military training area Kindel was in the north of the district, in the area of the former small settlement Künkelhof , so that parts of the district were temporarily in a military restricted area. After reunification, an industrial area developed on the site .
In 1974 Melborn was incorporated into Wenigenlupnitz; On January 1, 1996, the two places were incorporated into the municipality of Hörselberg , with which the place was added to the municipality of Hörselberg-Hainich in 2007.
Economy and Infrastructure
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Commercial areas
In the north of the district, the Kindel industrial area is one of the most important industrial locations in the Wartburg district. In the village itself there is a golf course and an agricultural business.
traffic
Wenigenlupnitz can be reached via the state road 2113 , which connects the town to the west near Großenlupnitz with the federal road 84 and to the east at Sättelstädt with the federal road 7 . Since January 2010, the BAB 4 has been running north of the locality , with a connection at Großenlupnitz and Sättelstädt.
The Eisenach-Kindel airfield is partly in the area of Wenigenlupnitz.
The closest connection to the railway network is at Eisenach station . The military training area had a siding to the Nessetalbahn , which was dismantled in 2007. The Nessetal cycle path was built on the route in 2011 .
Culture
Fair
In many Thuringian places it is tradition to hold a fair once a year, also in Wenigenlupnitz. The first pictures of this tradition go back around 95 years (date 2019), but the fair in Wenigenlupnitz has existed for much longer. Today it is held annually on the first weekend in October in the "Tannhäuser" hall. The fair also organizes the Easter bonfire, May blossom festival (together with the local associations) and Martin's bonfire in town.
Personalities
- Georg Witzel (1501–1573), theologian and opponent of Luther
literature
- Album of the residences, castles and manors of Thuringia, especially of the Saxon Lands of the Ernestine line. In pictorial representation. In connection with several accompanied by text u. published by Prof. Dr. J .. Gersdorf, archivist in Altenburg, school director. Dr. A .. M .. Schulze in Gotha, Hofr. L .. Bechstein in Meiningen, Prof. Dr. W. Rein in Eisenach, Dr. Ms. Hoffmann in Hildburghausen. I issue. Leipzig, expedition. (Werl.) Qu.Fol.
- Wolfgang Eberhardt: From the history of the Scharfenburg near Thal . In: On the history of the country on the Werra and Hörsel . (I). Verlag + Druckerei Löhr, Ruhla 1994, p. 45 .
- Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German nobility lexicon . Volume 9, Friedrich Voigt's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1870, pages 552–553.
- Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume XVI, Volume 137 of the complete series, page 131–132; CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn) 2005, ISSN 0435-2408
- Ütterodt-Scharffenberg . In: Heinrich August Pierer , Julius Löbe (Hrsg.): Universal Lexicon of the Present and the Past . 4th edition. tape 18 . Altenburg 1864, p. 324 ( zeno.org ).
- Series of articles The checkered history of the former castle "Neuscharfenberg" in Wenigenlupnitz - edited and abridged version from the local history of Wenigenlupnitz, appeared in January and February 2012 in four parts in the official gazette of the municipality Hörselberg-Hainich.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. District of Gotha, Wartburg district, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
- ↑ Hans Patze , Peter Aufgebauer (Ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 9: Thuringia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 313). 2nd, improved and supplemented edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-520-31302-2 , p. 41f.
- ↑ Volker Schimpf: Die Heden-Orte in Thüringen p. 49
- ^ Report at Eisenach-Online accessed on June 17, 2011
- ↑ Online reading - fair in Wenigenlupnitz / Melborn - a journey through time. Retrieved July 11, 2019 .
