Craula
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Craula
Municipality Hörselberg-Hainich
Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 53 ″ N , 10 ° 29 ′ 31 ″ E
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| Height : | 427 (415-450) m |
| Residents : | 337 (Jul 31, 2007) |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1999 |
| Incorporated into: | Behringen |
| Postal code : | 99820 |
| Area code : | 036254 |
 Location of Craula in Hörselberg-Hainich
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 Craula (2011)
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Craula is a district of the Thuringian municipality Hörselberg-Hainich in the Wartburg district .
geography
Geographical location
The village with 337 inhabitants (as of July 2007) is located in the south of the Hainich and is 442 m above sea level. NN the highest place of the unified municipality. Craula is a Hainich National Park municipality.
| Mülverstedt (forest) | Weberstedt | Bad Langensalza |
.svg)
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Reichenbach | |
| Hütscheroda u. Hesswinkel desert | Behringen | Oesterbehringen |
mountains
The landscape around Craula is determined by the mountains and valleys of the Hainich . The highest point in the community and the Hainich is the Alte Berg ( 493.9 m above sea level ). The mountains and hills Craulaer Hausmassen ( 483.2 m above sea level ), Renn ( 473.2 m above sea level ) and the Seegelsberg ( 429.4 m above sea level ) are also remarkable .
Waters
The Craula area has only a few springs (in the Nahr Valley and Heinzengrund ). The resulting source streams seep away after a few hundred meters due to the karstified geological subsoil. Some ponds were created around the place.
history
Craula was first mentioned on December 10, 1280 in the spelling Crowela .
Thiemsburg , an early historical hill fort north of the community, is probably much older . In the vicinity of the place, several field names refer to desertification from the time of the high medieval country development. As the first liege of Caula known by name, Heinrich von Mila became known around 1290 , he was landgrave ministerial and judge (mayor) of Gotha . Craula was given to the Eisenach Marienstift with all rights and goods as early as 1294. In 1333 it came into the possession of the Wangenheimers . Family divisions, inheritances and pledges left a large number of documents that were the basis for an extensive family chronicle of the Wangenheimers in the 19th century. A lord of Craula is mentioned in 1347. The place received a fortified aristocratic court at the place of later property. The village of Craula was also temporarily surrounded by simple fortifications, the villagers had ditched a village moat, gates and an impenetrable hedge, from which the attachment - the village in Loh - was derived. The Lords of Hopffgarten also succeeded the Wangenheimers as court lords in Craula at the end of the 15th century and retained control of the place until the patrimonial rule in the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was abolished .
In 1815 the manor house, handed down as the "castle", burned down. The Craula Church was built in the Middle Ages (probably during the time of the Eisenach Marienstift) and rebuilt in 1604.
The economic basis of the place was initially the cultivation of woad , which was also processed here. In the 17th century, sheep breeding became the main source of income for the population, and a characteristic cultural landscape emerged , the juniper heath . Owning and accessing forest resources became a problem for numerous communities in the hinterland after the Thirty Years' War . The Hainich forests between Craula and Kammerforst and the Langensalza municipal forest were therefore divided into 5 neighboring communities. Numerous coats of arms and boundary stones were set up to mark these borders.
Craula belonged to the district of Gotha from 1922 to 1952 , from the district reform in the GDR to the district of Bad Langensalza and since the district reform in Thuringia in 1994 to the Wartburg district . On July 1, 1999, it was incorporated into Behringen , which was added to the Hörselberg-Hainich community on December 1, 2007.
Culture and sights
Regular events
Several times a year, the place is the starting point for guided hikes in the Hainich National Park.
Attractions
By the municipality Craula a hiking trail leads to the 3 km away Thiemsburg with the treetop path . The Hainich- Rennstieg , first mentioned in 1448 as Rynneweg , leads past the community to the west, the “Craulaer Kreuz” located here is one of the most famous atonement crosses in Hainich. At the northern boundary of the district you can still find several border and coat of arms stones of the city of Langensalza. In the village there is a small church with a rectory, several listed farmsteads and half-timbered houses; In the center of the village, the Anger , a woad millstone was set up, this reminds of the woad cultivation in Craula, which can be proven until 1618. In 1955 a ski jump was built, remains of which can still be found. The Wacholderhög is a protected natural area.
Provided the visibility is good, Craula offers long-distance connections to the highest mountains of the Harz and Thuringian Forest , Brocken , Inselsberg and Großer Beerberg .
societies
- Craula Volunteer Fire Brigade
- Schützenverein 1990 eV Craula
- Crazy country women
economy
Craula is an agricultural place and national park community. The place relies on gentle tourism, there is a youth hostel in the place .
traffic
Road traffic
The district road K 515 runs through Craula, you can reach the B 84 in the Eisenach - Bad Langensalza section in the neighboring village of Reichenbach, 4 km away . The closest motorway connection is in Eisenach.
Rail transport
The nearest train stations are in the neighboring town of Bad Langensalza and in Eisenach.
Bus transport
The following bus lines run by the Verkehrsgesellschaft Wartburgkreis mbH run to Craula:
| line | Driving distance |
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| L-27 | Eisenach - Behringen - Reichenbach - Craula |
| L-27a | Eisenach - Behringen (Hörselberg-Hainich) - Reichenbach (Hörselberg-Hainich) - Craula - Thiemsburg - Bad Langensalza |
Infrastructure
The Landnetz eV association offers Internet connections via radio link up to a maximum of 16,000 Mbit / s. There must be a line of sight between the transmitter mast and the receiver at the house.
Personalities
- Therese Blase (1873–1930), social politician
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Thuringian Land Surveying Office: TK25 - sheet 4928 Mihla. Erfurt 1994, ISBN 3-86140-036-7 .
- ↑ Otto Dorbencker : Regesta diplomatica necnon epistolaria historiae Thuringiae (1267-1288) . Ed .: the same. tape 4 . Fischer, Jena 1939, No. 1851 .
- ↑ Paul Bottom, Rainer Lämmerhirt : deserted villages in Hainich area . In: West Thuringian Heimatschriften . tape 5 . Mihla 1995.
- ^ Friedrich Hermann Albert von Wangenheim: Regesta and documents on the history of the Wangenheim family. Volume I Hanover 1857, Volume II Göttingen 1872
- ^ Friedrich Hermann Albert von Wangenheim: Contributions to a family history of the Barons von Wangenheim (..) on the basis of the previous two document collections. Huth Göttingen 1874, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 1-73406 .
- ↑ a b Gerald Patzelt: The Hainich. Heiligenstadt 1998, ISBN 3-929413-40-X , p. 34.
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2007
- ↑ Timetable of the Verkehrsgesellschaft Wartburgkreis mbH
