Calf field
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Calf field
Municipality Hörselberg-Hainich
Coordinates: 50 ° 56 ′ 31 ″ N , 10 ° 27 ′ 36 ″ E
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| Height : | 260 (260–275) m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 4.33 km² |
| Residents : | 267 |
| Population density : | 62 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1996 |
| Incorporated into: | Hörselberg |
| Postal code : | 99820 |
| Area code : | 03622 |
 Location of Kälberfeld in Hörselberg-Hainich
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 View from Hörselberghaus (2011)
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Kälberfeld is a district of the Thuringian municipality Hörselberg-Hainich in the Wartburg district .
geography
The landscape around Kälberfeld in the south is part of the Waltershausen foothills , these mountains and elevations consist mostly of red sandstone. The Great Hörselberg rises to the north of the Hörsel , at 484 m above sea level. HN as the highest point in Kälberfeld. The Kambühl in the south of Kälberfeld is a completely forested mountain, its height is 453.9 m above sea level. HN . The Hörsel flows through the village. For thousands of years, part of the river water of the Hörsel has seeped away at Kälberfeld and reaches the Nessetal under the Hörsel Mountains , where it reappears in karst springs in the neighboring towns of Ettenhausen an der Nesse , Melborn and Wenigenlupnitz . The geographic height of the place is 260 m above sea level. NN .
history
The place was first mentioned in 1318 as Kelberveld . Further spellings of the place name are Kelbirveld and Kelberfeldt (1658). The Thuringian nobles Friedrich von Salza , Otto von Vanre and the brothers Albrecht and Friedrich von Wangenheim had to be embarrassed about the occasion of the first mention , they had to repent for their misdeeds and give Archbishop Peter von Mainz a high fine and ransom as well as annual income to the sanctions against them anathema to solve. Their offense was highway robbery and the kidnapping of Bishop Albrecht I of Anhalt to Brandenfels Castle , who was imprisoned there for months.
According to the settlement typology, Kälberfeld is one of the Hagenhufendörfern , a special form of Waldhufendörfer . The village had a Schulzen head of the village, he sat on the Schulzengut. The Wangenheimers appeared as court lords of the place, and they were also appointed as patrons of the neighboring towns. The Wangenheim property ( Wangenheim court ), which was later combined to form the Wintersteiner administrative and judicial district, comprised six Waldhufendörfer south of the Hörselberge, it was the castle and village of Winterstein , the villages of Kahlenberg, Schönau , Deubach and Sondra . There were other rights and possessions in Fischbach , Sättelstädt . Family divisions, inheritances and pledges left a large number of documents that were the basis for an extensive family chronicle of the Wangenheimers in the 19th century. Since 1513, the village of Kälberfeld, which consists of 15 to 20 farms, has been owned by various descendants of the Wangenheimer (Winterstein branch), and a mill also belonged to the Wangenheimers. In 1638 the vineyard on the southern slope of the Kirschberg , owned by the hunter Christoph von Wangenheim, was also destroyed. After the Thirty Years War , the 500 sheep were housed in the Kälberfelder Schafhof, which served as the Wangenheimer Vorwerk; half belonged to the front and half to the middle Wintersteiner castle. After the war, the devastated place received the wood that had grown on the steep slopes of the Great Hörselberg as a gift to the community.
In his history and description of the Duchy of Gotha , Johann Georg August Galletti describes the rulership and living conditions in the village of Kälberfeld around 1775 as a Gotha historiographer
- The place has little and bad country too. The residents therefore have to live from woodwork and work for daily wages. The many fruit trees in the hallway give the residents the opportunity to do a business with making food. The Hörsel flows past the place and drives a mill. Many residents have their own spot where they can fish. There is no lack of green meadows and the Trift is incorrigible. The place consists of 52 houses and 2 desolate farmsteads. (...) The old church was repaired in 1726. She is a daughter of the church in Sättelstädt. Only in this century did the place get its own school teacher. The common man has nothing more than brewing justice and shepherding.
Today the place has two settlement centers. The older part of the village is north of the Hörsel, in a flood-proof location. Several times a year, floods interrupted the connection between the two districts, as the approximately 200 m long connecting path and the railway underpass were flooded. During the spring flood of 1961, the volunteer fire brigade organized a ferry service with inflatable boats for eight days and pumped out numerous cellars. The flood protection structures were reinforced several times in the following decades.
Kälberfeld is located in the course of the Via Regia , the traffic on the through road promoted the development of the southern village center, which, however, is only a few meters above the bank of the Hörsel and in the past was often hit by floods. The village of Kälberfeld had its own church, a tavern or bar and a forge early on. In 1729 the first school was built. A mill is also mentioned; it was located on the Hörsel and received a generator to generate electricity as early as 1910. With the construction of the Gotha – Eisenach railway line, the previous village church became a dispute for the courts. The parish complained about the constant noise and vibrations caused by the railway operations, and the ducal administration in Gotha finally complied with the request for a new building on the outskirts. The construction of a new cemetery connected with the construction of the church had delayed the construction work and it was difficult to find a suitable position. The newly built church was consecrated as the Luther Church and was built in the historicist style. The old, late Romanesque village church on the railway line fell victim to the pickaxe a few weeks later.
Culture and sights
In the village of Kälberfeld there are several associations that shape cultural life in the village.
- The first fire brigade in Kälberfeld was established in the 19th century, and in 1889 it received a hand-operated pressure syringe that could be harnessed with horses. The Kälberfeld Voluntary Fire Brigade is one of the local associations with the largest number of members.
- The Kälberfelder Choral Society was founded in 1924. He was called at parties and family anniversaries. After the Second World War, a Kälberfeld Folk Choir was established in the village and existed until 1958. After the fall of the Wall, the Kälberfelder club members joined the Sättelstädter Liederreigen .
- The club house of the small animal breeders' association is located on the main street. The place is used several times a year for animal shows.
- The Kälberfelder Schützenverein was founded in 1927. Today's clubhouse with a new shooting range is located on the western edge of the town (Kahlenberger Weg); it is used for training and competitions for small-caliber shooters.
The sights of the place include
- The Luther Church on the southern outskirts with a cemetery and memorial for the fallen: The church was built in 1905. The foundation stone was laid on April 26, 1905 . The church is the successor to a church, which had to give way in the course of the laying of a new railway line through the Hörseltal despite considerable resistance from the villagers. The stones of the old church can now be found in the walls of the new church and on the paths to it. The architect of the church was Alfred Cramer from Gotha. The interior of the church was renovated from 1993 to 2013 at a cost of 450,000 euros.
- The already 100-year-old club house (and excursion restaurant) on the Großer Hörselberg.
- The Venus and Tannhauser caves on the Großer Hörselberg
- The restaurant "Zum Bärenjäger" with an oil painting by Kurt Hornschuh of the bear hunt in the calves.
Economy, infrastructure and transport
Kälberfeld is a place characterized by agriculture, they rely on gentle tourism. To the site also includes built on the summit plateau of the Great Hörselberg Hörselberghaus . State road L 3007, which was part of federal road 7 until 2010, runs through Kälberfeld . The closest motorway junction to the A4 is about three kilometers east of Sättelstädt . The Thuringian Railway crosses the village without a stop. The nearest stops are in Sättelstädt and Schönau , the neighboring town of Wutha-Farnroda , two kilometers west of Kälberfeld.
Others
- The village was known as a producer of tasty vinegar made from fruit according to treasured recipes.
- As evidence of coarse folk humor, neck names and nicknames that characterize each village developed centuries ago . Accordingly, the calf fields bear hunters lived here in the village . In the restaurant of the same name in the village there is the mural “The Calf Fields Bear Hunt on Hörselberg in 1878” by the local painter Kurt Hornschuh. It deals with the death of a shepherd dog who escaped from the neighboring village of Sättelstädt and was mistaken for a bear by an apparently short-sighted or drunk calf-field hunter because of its size and shaggy shape, and was hunted down hours later by a drive hunt.
literature
- Municipal administration Kälberfeld (Ed.): Festschrift of the municipality Kälberfeld . DR advertising, Kälberfeld 1993, p. 50 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
- ↑ Flemming, Kollmann, Seib, Stöhr: The Brandenfels. History, building history, the owners, legends and tales . Herleshausen 1998, 256 S, ISBN 3-9801957-5-9 .
- ^ Friedrich Hermann Albert von Wangenheim, Regesta and documents on the history of the Wangenheim family , Vol. I Hanover 1857, Vol. II Göttingen 1872
- ^ Friedrich Hermann Albert von Wangenheim, Contributions to a family history of the Barons von Wangenheim (..) on the basis of the previous two document collections , Huth Göttingen 1874. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
- ↑ Allgemeine Anzeiger Gotha of January 22, 2014
