Abe Nobuyuki

Abe Nobuyuki

Abe Nobuyuki ( Japanese 阿 部 信 行 ; born November 24, 1875 in Kanazawa , Ishikawa Prefecture , Japan , † September 7, 1953 in Tokyo ) was a Japanese general , politician and 36th Prime Minister of Japan .

biography

Abe joined the Imperial Japanese Army and rose after seeing the army high school until General on. As a major in the artillery, he was a military attaché in the German Empire from November 1910 to January 1913 , where he was with the 2nd battalion of the Dieskau foot artillery regiment No. 6 in Neisse. From February 1913 to January 1914 he worked as an adjutant to the military attaché in Vienna. He retired in 1936 and did not hold any political offices at all.

On August 30, 1939 he accepted after the resignation of Hiranuma Kiichirō the order of the Shōwa- Tennō ( Hirohito ) to form a new government and was Hiranuma's successor as Prime Minister .

His qualification for this post appeared to be mainly due to his ability to collaborate with the ruling army as prime minister. Although he was never an active commander, he had a great deal of knowledge of the work of the military machine. As Prime Minister, he sought political relations with the Soviet Union on the one hand, and with the West on the other, while planning the establishment of a puppet government in China . This policy resulted in a ceasefire with the Soviet Union, thereby ending a long series of conflicts along the borders with Manchukuo and Mongolia . On the other hand, he began negotiations with the US to revive a trade agreement. In 1939 he was also foreign minister for a time .

In December 1939 his government was criticized for raising prices for rice and fuel . In early 1940, 276 of the 448 members of the House of Commons ( Shūgiin ) signed a motion of no confidence . The commanders of the army, despite their powers, were not prepared to lead a government that was unpopular with the people and the parties , as they felt that their "national policy" in China needed the support of a government with parliamentary backing. For this reason, Admiral Yonai Mitsumasa succeeded Abe as Prime Minister on January 16, 1940 .

In 1942 he was appointed chairman of the Yokusan Seijikai , the unified organization of politicians in parliament, and a member of the Kizokuin , the mansion.

Between 1944 and 1945 he was Governor General of Korea . Since the beginning of August 1945, the Japanese administration under him has been preparing the handover of the long-term unsustainable colony to the local population in order to prevent a power vacuum and enable his people to withdraw in an orderly manner. Finally, in September 1945 , he handed the territory over to the victorious allied powers . This was the implementation of the sovereignty of Korea guaranteed in the Cairo Conference of November 1943 .

After the war ended, Abe was initially imprisoned as a class A suspected war criminal , but then released before the Tokyo trials began .

Web links

• rulers.org
• Newspaper article about Abe Nobuyuki in the press kit 20th Century of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Dr. sc. Rudolf Hartmann, Japanese officers in the German Empire, 1870–1914, Berlin 2005 (PDF; 502 kB)
2. ↑ PLOETZ WORLD HISTORY. The non-European world until 1945 (Korea) , 1984, p. 25

Japanese name: As is common in Japan, the family name comes before the first name in this article . Thus Abe is the family name, Nobuyuki the first name.