Burchard de Volder

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Burchard de Volder (born July 26, 1643 in Amsterdam , † March 28, 1709 in Leiden ) was a Dutch philosopher, physician, physicist, astronomer and mathematician.

Life

The son of Justus de Volder and Maria Liesveld, grew up in a Mennonite environment. The parents had planned a medical career for their son. Burchard had attended the Latin School and the Athenaeum Illustre in Amsterdam . Arnoldus Senguerdius and Alexander de Bie (1623–1690) were his formative teachers at the latter institution , who made him familiar with the basics of the philosophical sciences. After he had defended the treatise Disputatio mathematica de profunditate maris on October 12, 1658 and Disputatio de linea, quam globus per aërem describit on January 31, 1659 , he continued his studies at the University of Utrecht , where he completed his studies on October 18, 1660 under Johannes de Bruin the academic degree of a master’s degree in philosophy. He completed further studies from February 22, 1661 at the University of Leiden , where he became a student of Franciscus Sylvius and received his doctorate in medicine on July 3, 1664 with the treatise de Natura . Then he returned to Amsterdam as a doctor, studied the writings of René Descartes and belonged to the circle of the joy of Baruch de Spinoza . At that time he also changed his denomination and then belonged to the Remonstrant Reformed Congregation , for which congregation he provided medical support to the financially disadvantaged people.

On February 7, 1670 he became professor of philosophy in Leiden and gave lectures on physics from November 8, 1670. After traveling through England in 1674, he also gave lectures on experimental physics from January 26, 1675. To this end, he had attracted the attention of his students with vivid physical experiments and began to set up a physical museum in the Leiden University. Around that time he had also dealt with Otto von Guericke's investigations into air pressure, whereupon he invented a new air pump, which was later developed by Wolferdus Senguerdius and Willem Jacob's Gravesande . After another trip to Paris in 1681, he was appointed professor of mathematics on April 25, 1682, for which he gave his introductory speech de conjungendi cum philosophices Matheseos studio on June 15, 1682 and, associated with it, became head of the observatory in Leiden . With the publication of the font de Cosmotheoros by Christiaan Huygens in 1689 and 1703 as editor of his writings, he had gained a further reputation in the scientific world of that time.

He had also given lectures on Isaac Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica and added numerous items to the astronomical observatory in Leiden. In his capacity as a university lecturer in Leiden, he also took part in the organizational tasks of the educational institution and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1697/98 . He resigned his rectorate with the speech de rationi viribus et usu in scientus . On October 6, 1705, he was dismissed from his mathematics professorship for health reasons, but remained connected to the Leiden University. He died unmarried without leaving a will. Volder, who corresponded with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz , among others , had one of his most important students in Herman Boerhaave .

Works

  • De Natura. Suffering 1664
  • Oratio habita in funere Siberti Coeman, JUD et Professores. Suffering 1675
  • Dissertationes philosophicae de rerum Naturalium principiis ut et de Aëris gravitate. Leiden 1681, ( online )
  • Oratio de conjungendo cum philosophia mathesos studio. Suffering 1681
  • Dispotationes philosophicae omnes contra Atheos. Middelburg 1685
  • Exercitationes Academicae, quibus Renati Cartesu philosophia defendetur adversus Petri Daniëlis Huëtu censuram philosophiae Cartesianae. Amsterdam 1685
  • Dissertatio de brutorum operationibus. Leiden 1689
  • Oratio habita in funere Cl. viri Lucae Schacht. Med. D. et Professor. Leiden 1689
  • Oratio de rationalis viribus et usu in scientiis. Leiden 1698 ( online )
  • Dissertation de carentia sensuum et cognitionis in brutis. Leiden 1698
  • Oratio, quâ consentientibus Illustr. Acad. Curatoribus, urbisque Leidensis Conss. sese laboribus Academicis abdicavit. Habita ad XIX. Octobris anni 1705. Leiden 1705

literature

  • Volder, Burchard of. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 50, Leipzig 1746, column 409 f.
  • Christian Gottlieb Jöcher : General Scholar Lexicon, Darinne the scholars of all classes, both male and female, who lived from the beginning of the world to the present day, and made themselves known to the learned world, After their birth, life, remarkable stories, Withdrawals and writings from the most credible scribes are described in alphabetical order. Verlag Johann Friedrich Gleditsch , Leipzig, 1751, Vol. 4, 1704
  • Cornelis van der Vijver: Historical description of the city of Amsterdam: sedert hare wording tot op den Tegenwoordigen Tijd; of Beknopt Overzigt van den Oorsprong, de Uitbreiding, Lotgevallen, Bijzonderheden, Gestelijke en Wereldlijke Inrigtingen en Gebruiken dier Stad, op eene, voor alle Standen, bevattelijke en onderhoudende wijze Beschreven, onder Medwerking van een knowledgige divorces. Verlag Gebrüder Dietrichs, Amsterdam, 1844, 1st volume, p. 385 ( online , Dutch)
  • Jan Christiaan Kobus, Willem de Rivecourt: Biographical woordenboek van Nederland, behelzende de Levensbeschrijvingen van people who have lived in Nederland confessed. Verlag AEC van Someren, Zutphen, 1870, 3rd vol. (TZ), p. 249 ( online , Dutch)
  • Jan Wagenaar, Simon Style: Amsterdam in zyne Opkomst, Aanwas, Geschiedenissen, Voorregten, Koophandel, Gebouwen, Kerkenstaat, Schoolen, Schutterye, Gilden en Regeeringe, Beschreeven. Yntema en Tieboel, Amsterdam, 1767, 11th vol., P. 336, ( Online , Dutch)
  • Antoine Jacques Louis Jourdan: Dictionaire Des Sciences Médicales. Biography Médicale. CLF Panckoucke, Paris, 1825, Vol. 7 (Rhaz – Z), p. 452 ( Online , French)
  • Jacobus Kok, Jan Fokke: Vaderlandsch woordenboek; Oorspronklyk Verzameld. Johannes Allart, Amsterdam, 1793, vol. 29 (TV), p. 306, ( online , Dutch)
  • Abraham Jacob van der Aa : Biographical woordenboek der Nederlanden, bevattende levensbeschrijvingen van zoodanige people, who zich op eenigerlei wijze in ons vaderland vermaard made. Verlag JJ Van Brederode, Haarlem, 1876, vol. 19, p. 316, ( online , Dutch)
  • Het onversneden rationalisme van Burchard de Volder. In: Mannen rond Spinoza (1650-1700). Presentatie van an emanciperende generation. WNA Klever en Uitgeverij Verloren, Hilversum, 1997, ISBN 90-6550-563-6 , pp. 205 ff. ( Online reading sample , Dutch)
  • David van Hoogstraten, Jan Lodewyk Schuer: Groot algemeen woorden-boek, zo historical, geographical, genealogical en Oordeelkundig Woordenboek. Brunel & Wetsteins, Amsterdam-Utrecht-Den Haag, 1733, Vol. 10 (TZ), p. 117 ( Online , Dutch)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dirk KW van Miert: Humanism in an Age of Science. The Amsterdam Athenaeum in de golden Age, 1632-1704. Brill, Leiden, 2009, ISBN 978-90-04-17685-0 , p. 390
  2. ↑ Album promotorum qui inde an anno MDCXXXVI usque ad annum MDCCCXV in Academia Rheno-Trajectina gradum doctoratus adepti sunt, Societas cui nomen “Provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschnappen” componendum edendumque curavit. Broekhoff publishing house, Utrecht, MCMXXXVI.
  3. ^ G. du Rieu: Album studiosorum Academiae Lugduno-Batavae 1575-1875. Martin Nijhoff, The Hague, 1875
  4. ↑ Philipp Christiaan Molhuysen: Album Promotorum Academiae Lugduno Batavae 1575-1812. The Hague, 1913-1924.
  5. ↑ Johann Gottfried Eichhorn: History of literature from its beginning to the most recent times. Vanderhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1810, 3rd vol., 1st department, p. 977, ( online )
  6. ↑ Friedrich Kaiser: History and description of the observatory in Leiden. Joh.Enschede, Haarlem, 1868 ( online )
personal data
SURNAME Volder, Burchard de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch philosopher, medic, physicist, astronomer and mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH July 26, 1643
PLACE OF BIRTH Amsterdam
DATE OF DEATH March 28, 1709
Place of death Suffer