Landskron Castle (Western Pomerania)
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| Alternative name (s): | Veste Lanzkron | |
| Creation time : | 1576-1579 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Construction: | Field stone, partly brick | |
| Place: | Janow | |
| Geographical location | 53 ° 45 '57 " N , 13 ° 22' 45" E | |
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The ruins of Landskron Castle , also known as Veste Landskron , are located in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district . The Niederungsburg is located in the valley of the Great Landgraben, directly on the way between the villages of Janow and Wodarg .
history
The castle was built by Ulrich II von Schwerin , the son of the Pomeranian Grand Court Master Ulrich von Schwerin , between 1576 and 1579. The name Landskron is said to have aroused the displeasure of the Pomeranian Duke. The name was obviously not changed to Lanzkron , as Ulrich II had the name Landeskron on a stone tablet dating from 1586 and originally placed above the gate .
Later on, the castle was rarely mentioned in historical records. It is known that it came into the possession of his son Georg Ernst von Schwerin after the death of Ulrich II. His son Ulrich Wigand von Schwerin died in 1651 without an heir. With the lapse of the male line of the lord of the castle, Ulrich Wigand's sister Anna gave the castle to her husband, the Swedish council of Anrieppe. His daughter brought ownership of the castle into her marriage to Jürgen von Pentz . Due to the high level of debt of the lord of the castle, the necessary maintenance measures for the facility could not be carried out. In 1661 the pastor of Iven complained in a visit report that the castle chapel was decaying. Around 1668 the castle was apparently still inhabited, as the birth of a son of Jürgen von Pentz on Landskron is recorded in the Iven church register. By 1683 at the latest, the von Pentz family had given up the castle and settled in Neuendorf . It is not known whether the events of the Swedish-Brandenburg War from 1674 to 1679, which also affected this landscape , had an influence. The castle, which was uninhabitable after less than 100 years of existence, fell into the hands of the creditors of Mr. von Pentz.
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In 1699 the castle and the surrounding land came back into the possession of the von Schwerin family for 13,000 thalers, but it was left to its own devices. In the 19th century, the castle ruins were a popular excursion destination. In 1852 a castle jug was built on the east side of the outer bailey . The landlord was also the full-time castle warden. The south-eastern tower of the castle had been used as a lookout tower since the beginning of the 20th century and had, in addition to a balcony and a roof, lead-glazed windows.
Not far from Landskron there is a Slavic castle from the 7th century, which is also known as the Schwedenschanze from the Thirty Years War . Further information can be found on an information board at Landskron Castle.
investment
The Niederungsburg was built in the swampy valley of the Landgrabental. The moat originally surrounding the entire complex was fed by the land moat, which, after being straightened at the end of the 18th century, is now at a greater distance from the castle ruins.
The complex consists of the eastern outer bailey and the western main castle . All of the preserved parts of the building and the wall consist predominantly of field stone, with window openings and passages made of brick .
Outer bailey
The outer bailey is surrounded by a wall up to 3 meters high. Access was through the gatehouse on the north side. The aforementioned stone tablet was attached to the opening on the upper floor above the relatively low passage. Similar to the plaque at the gate of the Spantekow Fortress , there were relief images of the first lord of the castle Ulrich II von Schwerin and his wife Katharina von Waldenfels. The stone tablet has been considered lost since the middle of the 20th century.
To the west of the gatehouse is a building probably used for residential purposes. This is where the guards may have been. To the east of the gatehouse is the former stables , with additional storage rooms on the upper floor.
In the southern part of the outer bailey, directly opposite the entrance, there is the ruin of the castle chapel . The servants' kitchen formerly located in the east had to give way in the 19th century to the Burgkrug, which also no longer exists today . On the Swedish register cards from the end of the 17th century, on the western edge of the outer bailey, opposite the entrance to the main castle, a fourth building, which no longer exists today, is drawn. It is not known whether this was another gatehouse.
Field side of the gatehouse
Marstall - castle side
Ruin of the castle chapel
Vorburg - southern enclosure wall
Main castle
The inside of the moat in the area of the main castle is framed with field stone masonry. Originally this wall was a parapet consistently about 2 meters high and surrounded the entire nuclear installation. In the western part the remains of 5 bastions can still be seen. The castle is surrounded by a second moat within the parapet.
The main castle has a rectangular floor plan 15 meters wide and 25 meters long. At the corners of the former three-story building are four-story towers with a cross-section of 3.5 meters. The wall thickness is on average 80 centimeters. The southeast tower is best preserved.
Remains of a corner cuboid can be seen on the preserved plastered areas. In the middle of the north side is the rest of the stair tower . Access, now a stable bridge from the outer bailey, was accessed from the east via a drawbridge . Inside, the remains of the cellar walls can still be seen.
literature
- Neidhardt Krauss, Egon Fischer: On the way to castles, palaces and parks in Western Pomerania . Hinstorff Verlag Rostock 1991, ISBN 3-356-00391-7
- Neidhardt Krauss: Manor houses, castles and parks in the Ostvorpommern district (episode 6) - Janow Castle and VESTE Landskron . In: Heimatkalender ANKLAM and its surroundings 2004. Year 75, new episode 13. Founded by Max Sander. Uckerland: Schibri-Verlag 2003, p. 64f, ISBN 3-933978-77-7
