Rabenstein Castle (Carinthia)
| Rabenstein Castle | ||
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.JPG) View of the ruin from the west |
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| Creation time : | around 1100 | |
| Castle type : | Rock castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Place: | Sankt Paul im Lavanttal | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 41 ′ 19 ″ N , 14 ° 52 ′ 19 ″ E | |
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The Rabenstein Castle , a former rock castle 300 meters south of the market town of St. Paul in the Lavant Valley in Carinthia, on a 691 m high, dropping to three sides of the rocky hill pin St.Paul was built after 1100 for protection. After a fire in 1636 it fell into ruin . The existing building stock was secured from the end of the 20th century.
history
Neolithic artefacts were recovered on the Rabensteinerberg above St. Paul and traces of Bronze and Iron Age settlement can be found in the area surrounding the St. Pauler Mountains. In particular, the location on the strategically and climatically ideally located Felsenberg von Rabenstein enabled settlement documentation from prehistory to the early modern period. When Engelbert I , Count von Spanheim , founded the St. Paul Abbey in 1091, an observation tower was converted into a castle that should serve as protection for the pen. After Engelbert's death in 1096, it passed to his son Siegfried II , Count of the County of Lebenau .
One of the resident families of the lords of the castle was called von Ramenstain (Rabenstein). The last of this sex died out with Albertus de Ramenstain in the year 1200 in the name bearer tribe. As a result of the marriage of Ulrich von Peggau-Pfannberg († 1249) to the last woman in life, the castle passed to the Counts of Pfannberg , but above all to the keepers of the Salzburg archbishop, who belonged to Rabenstein since 1300, who belonged to the monks of St. Paul Abbey mostly in quarrel and feud about the distribution of the income. Over time, the lords of the castle changed. But they mostly had one thing in common; these too often found themselves in conflict with the St. Paul Abbey. It was about goods, fields, meadows, forests and vineyards, other income and services of the farmers in hereditary subjection .
Duke Heinrich VI. of Carinthia claimed after the death of Wenceslaus III. , in 1306, and Rudolf , the following year, the Bohemian royal crown. However, this was not in the interests of the emperor (Duke) Albrecht I. He had the castle besieged by Otto von Weizzeneck in 1307 and finally destroyed, since Rabenstein should not hand over the rule of the castle to Albrecht. Albrecht left the property to the Bishop of Salzburg, Konrad IV von Fohnsdorf , whom he called in as an advisor. The bishop immediately had the castle rebuilt and expanded. Finally he gave the castle to Burkhard II von Vanstorf as a fief .
In 1461, Emperor Friedrich III bought. the castle complex. When troops of the Ottoman Turks burned down the St. Paul market in 1476, the castle remained unscathed. Emperor Maximilian I inherited the property from his father . He sold it to Franz von Dietrichstein on Weichselstädt in 1514 . His son, Seyfried von Dietrichstein auf Weichselstädt, had the castle expanded into a renaissance castle in 1567 . The festival remained in the possession of the aristocratic family for the next 60 years, came temporarily into sovereign possession and was sold to Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg , Prince of Eggenberg , who sold it on in 1629.
In 1629, Rabenstein Castle came back to St. Paul Abbey as a coveted property. The abbot at the time, Hieronymus Marchstaller , had the chapel, mentioned in a document in 1240, baroque . The newly designed chapel was consecrated four years later. Abbot Marchstaller is said to have disturbed the fact that one could look into his cell from the castle with a telescope and observe him. When the castle was destroyed in a major fire in 1636, suspicion fell on him, if only because next to nothing remained, apart from the chapel. Careless farmers were also accused of arson, with Abbot Marchstaller suspected of being the client. Rabenstein Castle was not rebuilt afterwards. Three walls of the once square keep and the remains of the palace and additions from the 13th and 14th centuries can be seen on the rock above the village.
After the abolition of the St. Paul monastery by Emperor Joseph II in the Joseph reforms in 1787, the properties, including the castle ruins, were transferred to the state's religious fund. In the 19th century the Rabenstein estate finally came into private ownership.
Building description
Parts of the fortress from the 11th century, up to three storeys high, and the heavily damaged castle wall from the 12th and 13th centuries are still visible today.
At the highest point of the steeply sloping rock hill is the keep , which was built in 1307. The Palas and other buildings close to the south of the keep. The remains of the castle chapel can still be seen, as well as the semicircular barbican in the north. Over the years, the castle wall was almost completely removed and the stone was used as building material for surrounding buildings. It was a two-shell masonry , the outer shell of which was largely destroyed by the weather.
The facility was renovated from 1997 to 2002 with the help of the municipality of St. Paul, the employment service , the state of Carinthia and the Federal Chancellery .
literature
- Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria. Carinthia. Revised edition, 3rd, expanded and improved edition, edited by Gabriele Russwurm-Biró. Anton Schroll, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-7031-0712-X , p. 987f.
- Gerhard Stenzel : From castle to castle in Austria . 2nd edition, Verlag Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1973, ISBN 3 218 00278 8 , p. 213
Web links
- Brief overview on lovntol.at
- Entry via Rabenstein in Lavanttal to Burgen-Austria
- Rabenstein on the community website