Engelbert I. (Spanheim)

Engelbert I. von Spanheim as the founder of St. Paul Abbey in Lavanttal (illustration from around 1500)

Engelbert I († April 1, 1096 in Sankt Paul im Lavanttal ) from the Spanheimer family was Margrave of Istria (1090-1096), Count of Spanheim , in Kraichgau and Pustertal, and Vogt of Salzburg .

Live and act

He was the eldest son of Count Siegfried I von Spanheim and Richardis von Lavant , heir to the Sieghardingen Count Engelbert IV . In 1065 he followed the Zeisolf-Wolframen as Count in Kraichgau, from 1070 he is recorded as Count in Pustertal. In the investiture dispute with his brothers he belonged to the party of the southern German Gregorians and, as a supporter of the Salzburg Archbishop Gebhard, fought against Berthold , the counterbishop appointed by King Heinrich IV , in 1085 and 1086 . In 1086 he succeeded in bringing Archbishop Gebhard back to Salzburg from exile. As a result of his attitude in the Investiture Controversy Engelbert was Emperor Henry IV. Deprived of Gaugrafschaft Pusteria in 1091, which followed the bishop of the imperial Burkhard von Brixen via replied.

As a supporter of Pope Gregory VII , Engelbert I decided to further strengthen his reform efforts and to found the St. Paul Abbey in the church of St. Paul in the maternal castle in Lavanttal, where his parents are buried . For this reason Engelbert sent his eldest son, Engelbert II. , To Abbot Wilhelm in Hirsau in Swabia in 1085 . Engelbert II was supposed to negotiate with Wilhelm there and win him over to this idea. He sent twelve monks with Wezilo from Eastern Franconia at the head of the Lavant Valley. On May 1, 1091 Engelbert I handed over the church and monastery of St. Paul to the monks. Furthermore, he presented the new monastery with rich goods. Wezilo became the first abbot of the monastery. This monastery was to become the house monastery of the Spanheimers, who continued to give it rich gifts. It is also remarkable that the oldest burial places of the Spanheim family and their side branches can be found there.

In April 1095 Engelbert himself entered his foundation as a monk. He died there on April 1, 1096.

progeny

Engelbert was married to Hedwig / Hadwig, whose origin cannot be directly traced. She was identified as Hadwig Billung, daughter of Bernhard II of Saxony , but in recent research by Friedrich Hausmann and Heinz Dopsch, she is assigned to a family from Friuli . Progeny:

• Bernhard von Trixen († 1147), Count of Trixen
• Richardis († around 1112), I. ∞ Count Berthold I of Schwarzenburg († around 1090), II. ∞ Poppo II. , Margrave of Istria († 1095/1107), III. ∞ Gebhard I., Count of Reichenhall († 1102)
• Heinrich IV. († 1123), Duke of Carinthia (1122–1123)
• Engelbert II. († 1141), Margrave of Istria (1103–1134), Duke of Carinthia (1123–1135)
• Siegfried II. (I) († 1132), Count of Spanheim- ( Lebenau )
• Hartwig († 1126), Bishop of Regensburg (1105–1126)

literature

• Friedrich Hausmann : The Counts of Ortenburg and their male ancestors, the Spanheimers in Carinthia, Saxony and Bavaria, as well as their branch lines. In: East Bavarian border marks. Passauer Jahrbuch für Geschichte, Kunst und Volkskunde. Vol. 36, 1994, ISSN  0078-6845 , pp. 9-62.
• Heinz Dopsch : The founders came from the Rhine. The Spanheimers as donors of St. Paul. In: Johannes Grabmayer, Günther Hödl (ed.): Treasury of Carinthia. State exhibition St. Paul 1991. 900 years of the Benedictine monastery. Klagenfurt 1991, pp. 43-67.
• Eberhard zu Ortenburg-Tambach: History of the imperial, ducal and counts' entire house of Ortenburg. Part 1: The ducal house in Carinthia. Rückert, Vilshofen 1931.

Web links

• Engelbert I. in the CERL Thesaurus
• genealogy

Individual evidence

1. ^ Andreas Thiele: Narrative genealogical family tables on European history. Volume 1: German imperial, royal, ducal and count houses. Volume 2: German imperial, royal, ducal and count houses. 2nd Edition. RG Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 1994, ISBN 3-89501-023-5 , plate 495.
2. ^ Wilhelm Wegener (ed.): Genealogical tables for Central European history. Reise, Göttingen 1962–1969, p. 264.
3. ^ Wilhelm Wegener (ed.): Genealogical tables for Central European history. Reise, Göttingen 1962–1969, p. 271.

predecessor	Office	successor
Siegfried I.	Graf im Pustertal 1065-1091	Diocese of Bressanone
Siegfried I.	Graf im Lavanttal 1065-1096	Henry IV.
Burkhard von Moosburg	Margrave of Istria 1090-1096	Engelbert II.