Lavant (river)

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Lavant
The Lavant near St. Paul

The Lavant near St. Paul

Data
location Carinthia , Austria
River system Danube
Drain over Drau  → Danube  → Black Sea
origin Lavantsee below the Zirbitzkogel in Styria
47 ° 3 ′ 34 ″  N , 14 ° 34 ′ 39 ″  E
Source height 2053  m above sea level A.
muzzle at Lavamünd in the Drau coordinates: 46 ° 38 '22 "  N , 14 ° 56' 39"  E 46 ° 38 '22 "  N , 14 ° 56' 39"  E
Mouth height 340  m above sea level A.
Height difference 1713 m
Bottom slope 24 ‰
length 72 km
Catchment area 968.7 km²
Discharge at the Krottendorf
A Eo gauge: 954.5 km².
Location: 4.32 km above the mouth 		NNQ (21.01.2002)
MNQ 1951–2011
MQ 1951–2011
Mq 1951–2011
 MHQ 1951–2011
HHQ (20.06.2004) 		2.79 m³ / s
5.29 m³ / s
11.9 m³ / s
12.5 l / (s km²)
 99.2 m³ / s
235 m³ / s
Medium-sized cities Wolfsberg
Small towns Bad St. Leonhard , St. Andrä

The Lavant ( Slovenian : Labotnica ) is a left tributary of the Drava in Carinthia . The origin of the name goes back to pre-Celtic times and means something like shiny white river in Indo-European . The Lavant is 72 km long, its catchment area covers an area of ​​969 km².

geography

Lavantsee from the northwest, in the background the Lavanttal

The origin of the river lies below the Styrian Zirbitzkogel in the Seetal Alps at an altitude of around 2053 m (Lavantsee). After 11.2 km it reaches Carinthia. The Lavant flows through the "Obere Lavanttal ", the Twimberger Graben , the "Untere Lavanttal" and, after a short further narrow point, flows into the Drau below Krottendorf in Lavamünd at an altitude of 348 m. Shortly before the mouth, it has an average flow rate of 12.5 m³ / s.

Hydrologically, the Lavant is characterized by a nivo-pluvial regime with discharge peaks in May and minima in January. The water quality for the upper reaches to around Frantschach-St. Gertraud quality class I, then quality class II. The high level of pollution from a pulp mill and the Wolfsberg area with quality class IV up until the 1980s was drastically improved by the commissioning of the sewage treatment plant of the Mittleres Lavanttal cleansing association in Mettersdorf from 1988 onwards. There are two further sewage treatment plants in Bad St. Leonhard and Lavamünd.

The ecomorphological condition of the Lavant is relatively poor due to the river regulation between 1934 and 1986. River regulation served primarily to protect against floods, but also to gain arable land. In the upper reaches and on the last few kilometers the Lavant is considered natural to near-natural. Between Twimberger Graben and St. Paul it is clearly impaired. An exception is a short stretch near Mettersdorf, which was renatured in 1990. As of 2005, surveys are in progress, which should lead to a modern flood protection by building as natural as possible. There are 15 weirs, including the seven power plants, along the Lavant. By 2015 these were made passable in accordance with the provisions of the WFD .

River dwellers

25 species of fish are known from the lavant and its side waters. The brown trout is dominant , rainbow trout and aitel are common . Species that are rare for Carinthia are Zingel , Streber , Steinbeßling and Steinbeisser .

Due to the straightening of the river, the majority of the lavant fishery can now be assigned to the trout region (with the transition to the grayling region in the lower course of the river). Only the lowest section at Lavamünd belongs to the barbel region. Before the straightening, the grayling region extended to Wolfsberg, the barbel region to St. Paul .

Street names

literature

  • Gabriele Wieser (ed.): The waters of the Lavant valley . Natural science Association for Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1996. ISBN 3853280072

Web links

Commons : Lavant  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Austrian map 1: 50,000
  2. ↑ a b KAGIS - Carinthia Atlas
  3. ↑ Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (Ed.): Area directory of the Austrian river basins: Draugebiet. Contributions to the hydrography of Austria, issue No. 59, Vienna 2011, p. 101 ( PDF; 3.5 MB )
  4. ↑ Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (Ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2011. 119th Volume. Vienna 2013, p. OG 357, PDF (12.9 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (yearbook 2011)
  5. ^ Heinz-Dieter Pohl : Slavic and Slovenian (Alpine Slavonic) place names in Austria , 2003. Retrieved on April 15, 2020.
  6. ↑ Lavant River Dialogue - Ecological State of Lavant. Retrieved November 7, 2012 .
  7. ↑ http://wisa.bmlfuw.gv.at/fachinformation/ngp/ngp-2015/text/textdokument_ngp2015.html