Wigoldesberg Castle
| Wigoldesberg Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
| Alternative name (s): | Grand Moth Wigoldesberg | |
| Creation time : | late 10th century up to 11th century | |
| Castle type : | Summit castle, moth | |
| Conservation status: | Moth plateau, ditches, ramparts | |
| Place: | Eichelberg | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 11 '35.9 " N , 8 ° 47' 49.8" E | |
| Height: | 271.1 m above sea level NHN | |
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The castle Wigoldesberg was an early- to late medieval hilltop castle from the type of a mountain Motte the Gaugrafen of Elsenz- and the Kraichgau . It was located on the Greifenberg near Eichelberg , a district of Östringen in the Karlsruhe district in Baden-Württemberg . At the beginning of the 12th century, the complex was temporarily rededicated as a monastery - the later Odenheim monastery .
location
The castle was about 1.2 kilometers northwest of Eichelberg in Kraichgau at 271.1 m above sea level. NHN on the summit of the Greifenberg. The mountain is a foothill of the Eichelberg covered by Keupersandstone and lies in the "Great Forest", the area of which extends from Sinsheim in the northeast to Odenheim in the southwest. A 13 hectare area around the summit is Bannwald and has been designated as a nature reserve since 1975 . The name "Greifenberg" can be derived from "Grafenberg".
history
The Motte Wigoldesberg was on the border between Elsenzgau in the northeast and Kraichgau in the southwest. It was probably built at the end of the 10th century, at the latest in the 11th century, by the Salier Otto von Worms or the Zeisolf-Wolframen, who are related to the Salians, as the seat of counts for the Elsenz and Kraichgau. While the Elsenzgau passed to the Werinharde von Steinsberg around 1103 , the inheritance of the Zeisolf-Wolframe in Kraichgau, including Wigoldesberg, fell to the Counts of Lauffen . They moved their administrative headquarters to the more centrally located Gaugrafenburg near Bretten .
Probably around 1110 to 1118 the Counts of Lauffen on Wigoldesberg founded the later monastery of Odenheim as a new property, but moved it to a valley two kilometers away before 1137/38.
Archaeological excavations that could lead to a more precise period of use of the area have not yet taken place.
description
With an extension of the plateau of 78 meters in east-west direction, up to 21 meters in north-south direction and a height of 7 meters, the castle was an exceptionally large mountain moth. There are well-preserved moats and ramparts to the west and east . On a 110 by 50 meter plain east of the plateau there may have been a bailey in the past . Since the buildings at that time were typically made of wood and any existing stones were reused for the monastery at its later location, there are no remains of the wall today.
literature
Ludwig H. Hildebrandt: The counties of Elsenz and Kraichgau in the high Middle Ages, their counts and their castle seats with special consideration of Bretten . In: Bretten Yearbook for Culture and History . NF 5. Bretten 2008, p. 60-62 .