Buromsky Island

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Buromsky Island
Buromsky Island cemetery
Buromsky Island cemetery
Waters Davissee , Southern Ocean
Archipelago Haswell Islands
Geographical location 66 ° 32 '4 "  S , 92 ° 59' 58"  O Coordinates: 66 ° 32 '4 "  S , 92 ° 59' 58"  O
Buromski Island (Antarctica)
Buromsky Island
length 200 m
width 100 m
surface 1 ha
Highest elevation 17  m
Residents uninhabited

The Buromsky Island ( Russian Остров Буромского Ostrow Buromskowo , English Buromskiy Island ) is a rocky island off the coast of Queen Marie Land in the Davis Sea . The largest cemetery in Antarctica is located on it . This is one of the Antarctic monuments protected by the Antarctic Treaty .

geography

Buromski Island is part of the Haswell Islands group . It is located 500 meters south of Haswell Island , 250 meters north of Sykow Island and 600 meters east of Gorew Island . The island is about two kilometers away from Mabus Point on the Antarctic mainland, where Russia operates the Mirny station .

The island is only about one hectare in size and 17 meters high, is rocky and has no permanent snow cover. The sea around them is only ice-free for one to three months a year.

fauna

About 300 Adelie penguins and some Antarctic skuas breed on the small rock island . Between late March and early January there is a large breeding colony of emperor penguins on the sea ​​ice east of the island. In 2010 it consisted of around 13,000 animals.

history

Discovery and origin of name

Together with the other Haswell Islands, Buromski Island was discovered in 1912 by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition led by Douglas Mawson on a sled excursion from the Shackleton Ice Shelf to the Gaußberg . It was initially named after the geologist Charles Hoadley . Intensive research into the region began in 1956 with the construction of the Mirny station at Mabus Point. In 1958, Buromski Island was given its current name in honor of the hydrograph Captain Lieutenant Nikolai Ivanovich Buromski (1926-1957), who had a fatal accident on February 3, 1957 while unloading the expedition ship Lena .

graveyard

There has been a cemetery on Buromski Island since 1960, which is now under the protection of the Antarctic Treaty as "Historic Site and Monument HSM-9". The first to be buried here were eight participants of the fifth Soviet Antarctic expedition, who had died in a fire on the Mirny station on the night of August 2nd to 3rd, 1960. Among them was Hans-Christian Popp (1928–1960) from the Potsdam Main Meteorological Observatory, a scientist from the GDR . He was followed as the second German by the geophysicist Klaus Diederich (1942–1969), who crashed on July 17, 1969 at the Mirny ice barrier. In 1974 the memorial stone designated as HSM-7 for Iwan Chmara (1936–1956), the first Soviet victim of Antarctic research, was moved from the mainland to the island. In 1997 the Swiss photographer Bruno Zehnder was buried here.

By 2011, around 60 people had been buried on Buromski Island. Since it has no earth , the dead are not buried, but rest above ground in sarcophagi made of thick sheet steel, which are arranged on several terraces around the highest rock on the island, on which a Russian Orthodox cross stands.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP): Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 127 (English; PDF; 1.8 MB), accessed on October 4, 2013
  2. ↑ Hans Niemann: To the cold pole of the earth , VEB FA Brockhaus Verlag, Leipzig 1971, p. 240
  3. ↑ a b Madison E. Pryor: The Avifauna of Haswell Island, Antarctica . In: Oliver L. Austin (Ed.): Antarctic Bird Studies . American Geophysical Society, Washington 1968, p. 57–82 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  4. ^ John Stewart: Antarctica - An Encyclopedia . Vol. 1, McFarland & Co., Jefferson and London 2011, ISBN 978-0-7864-3590-6 , p. 251 (English)
  5. ↑ a b Михаил Орлов: "Работа в Антарктиде по-прежнему сопряжена с опасностью" . In: Газета.Ру , December 7, 2011 (Russian), accessed October 4, 2013
  6. ↑ Жертвы необъявленной войны за Антарктиду . In: Сергей Алексеевич Ковалев: Загадки Шестого континента , Издательство Вече, 2011, ISBN 978-5-9533-4017-5 (Russian)
  7. ↑ HSM 9: Buromsky Island Cemetery in the Antarctic Protected Areas Database on the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat website (English, Spanish, French, Russian), accessed November 16, 2019
  8. ↑ Ines Kappler: The Meteorological Service of the GDR. The years 1953–1960 (PDF; 10.3 MB), Deutscher Wetterdienst Potsdam, accessed on October 4, 2013
  9. ^ Günter Skeib : Prisoners of the island . In: Gert Lange (Ed.): Probation in Antarctica. Antarctic research in the GDR , VEB FA Brockhaus Verlag, Leipzig 1982, pp. 10–15
  10. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Paech: The GDR Antarctic Research - A Retrospective (PDF; 1.7 MB). In: Polarforschung 60 (3), 1990 (published 1992), pp. 197-218
  11. ↑ HSM 7: Ivan Khmara's Stone in the Antarctic Protected Areas Database on the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat website (English, Spanish, French, Russian), accessed November 16, 2019
  12. ↑ Ольга Стефанова: Скорбный остров Буромского . In: Вести , January 26, 2013 (Russian), accessed October 4, 2013