Côme-Damien Degland

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Photography by Côme-Damien Degland

Côme-Damien Degland (* 6. July 1787 in Armentières , † 1. January 1856 in Lille ) was a French ornithologist , physician and director of the Musée d'histoire naturelle de Lille , which is now part of the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lille is .

Life

His father Jean-François Degland was chief physician at the Hôpital Saint-Sauveur in Lille. He spent his school days at the Central School and the Lyceum of Douai . In 1806 he went to Paris to study medicine. He was taught by medical luminaries such as Baron Paul-Antoine Dubois (1795–1871), Baron Philippe Boyer (1802–1858), François Chaussier (1746–1828), Philippe Pinel (1745–1826), Baron Jean- Nicolas Corvisart (1755-1821) and Jean Noël Hallé (1754-1822). He later met the famous Jean-Nicolas Marjolin (1780–1850) at the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris . This made him his taxidermist and tutor . Both had a lifelong friendship. Other mentors Degland were Guillaume Dupuytren (1777-1835) and Joseph Capuron (1767-1850). On December 5, 1811, he graduated with the degree of doctor of medicine . Even though many of his professors wanted to keep him in Paris, he decided to settle down as a doctor in Lille in 1812. He started out as a poor doctor and eventually became a doctor at the local military hospital. Here he was infected with typhoid due to daily contact with many sick people and was delirious for two months . After barely escaping death, he turned to studying science in his convalescence period . He later became a surgeon in the avant-garde of the city of Lille, in 1815 a surgeon in the squadron of the national guard on horseback, in 1827 surgeon 1st class ( surgeons major ) in the artillery and in 1839 in the national guard of Lille. Most recently Degland worked like his father at the Hôpital Saint-Sauveur, which he visited regularly until shortly before his death from a heart condition.

Degland as a scientist

Degland owned a beautiful collection of eggs and beetles, which he bequeathed to the Société d'amateurs des sciences, de l'agriculture et des arts in Lille. He also had an important collection of around 1,800 European birds, which the city of Lille bought after his death. The collection was initially exhibited under the name Musée Ornithologique de Come Damien Degland in the galleries of the municipal museum. In 1839 his first important work appeared with Catalog des oiseaux observés en Europe, principalement en France et surtout dans le Nord de ce royaume . This was followed in 1849 in 2 volumes on the European avifauna , which he published under the name Ornithologie européenne ou catalog descriptif, analytique et raisonné des oiseaux observés en Europe . The first volume contains his only valid first description of a subspecies of the reed bunting with the name Emberiza schoeniclus intermedia Degland , 1849. In 1850, Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte (1803–1857) wrote a letter to Edmond de Selys-Longchamps (1813– 1900), which bore the significant title Revue critique de l'Ornithologie Européenne de M. Le Docteur Degland (de Lille) , critically examines the work. In 1851 the doctor and ornithologist Jean Baptiste Marie Jaubert (1826-1884) commented on both Degland's work and Bonaparte's review. In 1867 a revised version of the work was published posthumously . He had worked with Jean-Joseph Zéphirin Gerbe (1810–1890), who also completed the joint work and then published it. Edouard-Louis Trouessart (1842–1927) added in 1912 his Catalog des oiseaux d'Europe: pour servir de complément et de supplément à l '"Ornithologie européenne" de Degland et Gerbe (1867) . Dmitri-Paul Solomirsky (1834–1918) provided 1914/15 with the Atlas oiseaux d'Europe. Recueil de photographies pour servir d'illustration l'ornithologie europeenne de Degland et Gerbe the images of the birds on 610 plates.

Homage and social engagement

American velvet duck ( Melanitta deglandi )

In 1839 he was made a Knight of the Legion of Honor for his services to the state and suffering humanity . His social commitment to the poor meant that he could exercise moral influence on the working class. So he was considered an authority among them and many of the poor appeared in his honor at his funeral. He was a co-founder of the Société centrale de médecine of the Lille department, whose work he directed for several years. He was appointed a member of many many learned societies at home and abroad.

As part of his review , Bonaparte dedicated the specific epithet of the American velvet duck ( Melanitta deglandi ) (for some authors Melanitta fusca deglandi ) Degland, since Degland had described the species but forgot to give it a name. So wrote Bonaparte:

"Esp 484. M. Degland a bien su voir les différences entre les espèces américaines et les européennes de Maquereuses, et qui plus est, il a su exprimer beaucoup mieux que les autres. C'est donc encore plus par justice que par défénce que je propose de thunder son nom à la Double-Marquereuse d'Amérique qu'il a le premier et si bien distinguée, laquelle dès à présent porte dans mes écrits le nom d'OÏMEDIA DEGLANDI. (German: Art 484. Mr. Degland had recognized the differences between American and European species of sea ​​duck , and more importantly, he was able to express it much better than others. It is therefore more than fair and justifiable that I use the The name of this double American sea duck, which was described here for the first time and thus differentiated, leads in my writings under the name d'OÏMEDIA DEGLANDI. "

That is why the common name Degland’s White-winged Scoter can also be found in English .

In Lille, the Rue Degland , a cross street between the Rue Léon Gambetta and the Rue des Sarrazins, was named in his honor.

Memberships

In 1847 Degland became member number 313 at the Société cuviérienne .

Works

  • Description d'un ver filiforme rendu par le vomissement, Société d'amateurs des sciences, de l'agriculture et des arts de Lille, 1819–1822. Lille, 1823, p. 166
  • Tableau des oiseaux observés dans le Nord de la France, Lille, Impr. Danel 1831
  • Notice sur les Labbes d'Europe, extrait des Mémoires de la Société Royale des Sciences de Lille, 1833
  • Catalog des oiseaux observés en Europe, principalement en France et surtout dans le Nord de ce royaume, Lille Impr. Danel, 1839
  • Ornithologie européenne ou catalog descriptif, analytique et raisonné des oiseaux observés en Europe, Volume 1, Paris, Librairie encyclopédique de Roret, 1849
  • Ornithologie européenne ou catalog descriptif, analytique et raisonné des oiseaux observés en Europe, Volume 2, Paris Librairie encyclopédique de Roret, 1849
  • Together with Jean-Joseph Zéphirin Gerbe: Ornithologie européenne, ou Catalog descriptif, analytique et raisonné des oiseaux observés en Europe, Volume 1, Paris, JB Baillière et fils, 1867
  • Together with Jean-Joseph Zéphirin Gerbe: Ornithologie européenne, ou Catalog descriptif, analytique et raisonné des oiseaux observés en Europe, Volume 2, Paris, JB Baillière et fils, 1867

literature

  • August Carl Eduard Baldamus : Nekrolog Côme-Damien Degland . In: Naumannia . tape 6 , 1856, pp. 428-429 ( online [accessed November 1, 2011]).
  • Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte: Revue critique de l'Ornithologie Européenne de M. Le Docteur Degland (de Lille) . V. Wouters, Brussels 1950 ( online [accessed January 3, 2013]).
  • Edouard-Louis Trouessart: Catalog des oiseaux d'Europe: pour servir de complément et de supplément à l'Ornithologie européenne de Degland et Gerbe (1867) . Paul Klincksieck, Paris 1912 ( online [accessed January 3, 2013]).
  • Dmitri-Paul Solomirsky, Atlas oiseaux d'Europe. Recueil de photographies pour servir d'illustration l'ornithologie europeenne de Degland et Gerbe . 2 volumes. u. Appendix to vol. 1 in 1 vol, Stockholm, 1914-15
  • Wilhelm Blasius : To the history of the remains of Alea impennis Linn . In: Journal of Ornithology . tape 32 , 1884, p. 58–176 ( online [accessed January 3, 2013]).
  • Bo Beolens, Michael Watkins: Whose Bird ?: Common Bird Names and the People They Commemorate . Yale University Press, London 2004, ISBN 978-0-300-10359-5 .
  • Jean Baptiste Marie Jaubert: Quelques mots sur l'ornithologie européenne de M. le Docteur Degland, et sur une critique de M. Charles Bonaparte, précédés d'un essai sur la définition des espèces et des races . A. Carnaud, Marseille 1851 ( online [accessed January 3, 2013]).
  • Société Cuvierienne: état actuel de la Société Cuvierienne . In: Revue Zoologique par La Société Cuvierienne . tape 10 , 1847, p. 428 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Eduard Baldamus, p. 428 f
  2. ↑ a b Bo Beolens et al., P. 101
  3. ^ Wilhelm Blasius, p. 92
  4. ↑ Jean Baptiste Marie Jaubert
  5. ↑ Edouard-Louis Trouessart
  6. ↑ Dmitri-Paul Solomirsky
  7. ^ Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, p. 108
  8. ^ Société cuviérienne, p. 428.
personal data
SURNAME Degland, Côme-Damien
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Degland, Come Damien
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French ornithologist
DATE OF BIRTH July 6, 1787
PLACE OF BIRTH Armentières
DATE OF DEATH January 1, 1856
Place of death Lille