Jean-Nicolas Marjolin

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Jean-Nicolas Marjolin
Portrait of Jean-Nicolas Marjolin painted by Ary Scheffer in 1836.

Jean-Nicolas Marjolin (born December 6, 1780 in Ray-sur-Saône (in what is now Haute-Saône ), † March 4, 1850 in Paris ) was a French surgeon and pathologist .

life and work

Marjolin first began to study law. He then served for a short time in the French army. He took an interest in medicine through a family friend. This enabled Marjolin to study at the Commercy Hospital . With a letter of recommendation from his mother, he went to the University of Paris to see Alexis Boyer . In an exam in 1803, he came third-best. François Magendie went seventh . Marjolin then worked in Guillaume Dupuytren's Société Anatomique . In 1805 Marjolin became an assistant in anatomy and in 1806 a prosector . In 1808 he was in Paris as a Doctor of Medicine Ph.D.. At a time when private medical schools were popular, he opened his own medical school in 1810. Marjolin was very successful with his medical school. In 1812 he had 227 students in anatomy and 130 in surgery. In 1816 he became the second surgeon at the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , whose director was Dupuytren. He fell out with Dupuytren after an incident in 1812. On November 13, 1818, Marjolin was given the chair of surgical pathology, which he held until his death in 1850. In 1820 Marjolin became a member of the Académie nationale de Médecine .

Marjolin's son was the anatomist René Marjolin (1812–1895).

The Marjolin ulcus , a cancer ( scar cancer ) arising from scars , is named after Marjolin . In 1828, in the first edition of the Dictionnaire de Medécine, Marjolin described the "wart-like ulcer" for the first time using four case studies, but not the malignant transformation of the ulcer into carcinoma and also not the origin of scar tissue. The transformation was first described by the British surgeon Caesar Hawkins (1798-1884). Other sources name the Irish surgeon Robert William Smith (1807–1873), who in 1850 was the first to describe the connection between scar tissue, ulcer and metastasis . The term Marjolin ulcer was coined in 1903 by the American doctor John Chalmer Da Costa (1863-1933), professor of surgery at Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia .

further reading

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c A. H. Cruickshank, E. Gaskell: Jean-Nicolas Marjolin: Destined to be Forgotten? In: Medical history. Volume 7, October 1963, pp. 383-384, ISSN  0025-7273 . PMID 14071961 . PMC 1034876 (free full text).
  2. ↑ A. Sharma, RA Schwartz, KG Swan: Marjolin's warty ulcer. In: Journal of Surgical Oncology . Volume 103, Number 2, February 2011, pp. 193-195, ISSN  1096-9098 . doi : 10.1002 / jso.21783 . PMID 21259256 . (Review).
  3. ^ RW Smith: Observations upon the warty ulcer of Marjolin. In: Dublin quart J med Sci. Volume 9, 1850, pp. 257-274.
personal data
SURNAME Marjolin, Jean-Nicolas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French surgeon and pathologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 6, 1780
PLACE OF BIRTH Ray-sur-Saône
DATE OF DEATH March 4, 1850
Place of death Paris