Calcium soap

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Calcium salts of individual fatty acids (examples)
Calcium oleate, the calcium salt of oleic acid .
Calcium palmitate, the calcium salt of palmitic acid .
Calcium stearate , the calcium salt of stearic acid .

Calcium soap , also out of date lime soap , is a collective term for calcium salts of individual fatty acids or - more often - mixtures of calcium salts of several fatty acids.

Manufacturing

The saponification of natural fats and oils with calcium hydroxide produces mixtures of calcium salts of fatty acids and glycerine . The proportions of the individual fatty acid anions in the mixture of calcium salts depends on the nature and provenance of the triglyceride used as the raw material . A chemically largely uniform calcium soap can be obtained by reacting a pure fatty acid with a stoichiometric amount of calcium hydroxide. Examples of such calcium soaps are:

Calcium oleate, the calcium salt of oleic acid .
Calcium palmitate, the calcium salt of palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid).
Calcium stearate , the calcium salt of stearic acid (octadecanoic acid), a colorless, greasy powder that is soluble in chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons when heated.

use

Tadelakt in an oriental bathhouse

Calcium soaps are used as a thickener in mineral oil- based lubricating greases and lubricants , for the production of pencils , cement , waterproof textiles, tablets , plastics, for drawing iron and steel wire and as a matting agent .

When mixing lime paint and treating lime plasters ( Tadelakt ) and concrete with vegetable oils , calcium soaps are formed which, on the one hand, increase water resistance and, on the other hand, reduce strength, as the bound calcium is no longer available for carbonation .

Calcium oleate is used as a siccative for paints, calcium stearate for the production of primers and matting agents and as a stabilizer and lubricant in the plastics industry and as a fire extinguishing powder. Calcium stearate is used for the manufacture of powder and cream in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. According to the European Pharmacopoeia, the stearic acid content of the fatty acids in calcium stearate must be at least 40.0% for use in pharmacy, the sum of the stearic and palmitic acid content in the fatty acid fraction must be at least 90.0%.

More soaps

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Otto-Albrecht Neumüller (Ed.): Römpps Chemie-Lexikon. Volume 1: A-Cl. 8th revised and expanded edition. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1979, ISBN 3-440-04511-0 , p. 575.
↑ H. Weigler and E. Segmüller: Betontechnischeberichte 67 - Protection of concrete against chemical attacks - Abridged version of one of the "ACI Committee 515".
^ Brockhaus ABC Chemie , VEB FA Brockhaus Verlag Leipzig 1965, p. 870.
^ European Pharmacopoeia, Deutscher Apotheker Verlag Stuttgart, 6th edition, 2008, pp. 1947–1949, ISBN 978-3-7692-3962-1 .

[Römpp-1] Otto-Albrecht Neumüller (Ed.): Römpps Chemie-Lexikon. Volume 1: A-Cl. 8th revised and expanded edition. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1979, ISBN 3-440-04511-0 , p. 575.

[2] H. Weigler and E. Segmüller: Betontechnischeberichte 67 - Protection of concrete against chemical attacks - Abridged version of one of the "ACI Committee 515".

[ABC_Chemie-3] Brockhaus ABC Chemie , VEB FA Brockhaus Verlag Leipzig 1965, p. 870.

[EuropäischesArzneibuch-4] European Pharmacopoeia, Deutscher Apotheker Verlag Stuttgart, 6th edition, 2008, pp. 1947–1949, ISBN 978-3-7692-3962-1 .