Cancer antigen 125

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Mucin 16
Mucin 16
Properties of human protein
Mass / length primary structure 2.353 megadaltons / 22,152 amino acids
Identifier
Gene names MUC16 CA125
External IDs
Orthologue
human House mouse
Entrez 94025 73732
Ensemble ENSG00000181143 ENSMUSG00000032134
UniProt Q8WXI7 Q9D1H1
Refseq (mRNA) NM_024690
Refseq (protein) NP_078966
Gene locus Chr 19: 8.85 - 8.98 Mb Chr 9: 18.3 - 18.32 Mb
PubMed search 94025 73732

Cancer-Antigen 125 (CA-125) is a tumor marker that can be increased in ovarian cancer in particular , but also in other tumors, especially of the abdomen. The value is measured in the serum .

The tumor marker CA-125 stands for the protein Mucin -16, also called MUC-16. This is a long-chain transmembrane - glycoprotein , which is located in coelomaten mesothelial cells as in the peritoneum , pericardium and the pleura place. It is also expressed by epithelial cells of the Müller-Gang system, which include the epithelium of the endometrium , the inner cervix and the fallopian tubes .

First of all, an increase in CA-125 is a non-specific marker of peritoneal inflammation, which is why it is not suitable for the diagnosis or early detection of tumors. The blood concentration of this value depends on many factors. It can be higher during menstruation , before menopause , in women of African or Asian descent, and also during pregnancy . On the other hand, lower values ​​are found after the menopause, in smokers and after a hysterectomy .

The values ​​are also increased in inflammatory diseases in the abdominal cavity and especially in the ovaries, but also in endometriosis , uterine fibroids , diverticulitis , and also in lupus erythematosus or pleural effusion . The CA-125 is occasionally used as a biomarker for successful pregnancies in women with frequent miscarriages.

However, since the value for CA-125 is also increased in tumors, especially of the ovaries, and increases with increasing tumor mass and metastasis , it is well suited as a tumor marker for monitoring progress and therapy control, but not for diagnosis or early detection . It is increased not only in advanced ovarian cancer, but also in other malignant tumors of the endometrium , fallopian tubes , lungs , breast and gastrointestinal tract .

literature

  • MJ Reiter, JE Costello, RB Schwope, CJ Lisanti, MB Osswald: Review of Commonly Used Serum Tumor Markers and Their Relevance for Image Interpretation. In: Journal of computer assisted tomography. Volume 39, number 6, 2015 Nov-Dec, pp. 825-834, doi : 10.1097 / RCT.0000000000000297 , PMID 26248153 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ E. Kobayashi, Y. Ueda, S. Matsuzaki, T. Yokoyama, T. Kimura, K. Yoshino, M. Fujita, T. Kimura, T. Enomoto: Biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of ovarian cancer. In: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. Volume 21, Number 11, November 2012, pp. 1902-1912, doi : 10.1158 / 1055-9965.EPI-12-0646 , PMID 22962405 .
  2. ↑ Leigh H. Simmons, Alan J. Goldstein, David M. boruta II, Jennifer N. Stall: Case 33-2016: A 30-year-old woman with severe lower abdominal pain and chills New England Journal of Medicine 2016, Volume 375 , Issue 17 of October 27, 2016, pages 1672–1681, [[DOI: 10.1056 {NEJMcpc1609308]]
  3. ↑ RN Pillai, JC konje, DG Tincello, N. Potdar: Role of serum biomarkers in the prediction of outcome in women with threatened miscarriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis diagnostic accuracy. In: Human reproduction update. Volume 22, Number 2, March 2016, pp. 228-239, doi : 10.1093 / humupd / dmv054 , PMID 26663220 .
  4. ↑ C. Rooth: Ovarian cancer: risk factors, treatment and management. In: British journal of nursing. Volume 22, number 17, 2013 Sep 12-25, pp. S23-S30, doi : 10.12968 / bjon.2013.22.Sup17.S23 , PMID 24067270 .
  5. ↑ M. Stukan, M. Dudziak, K. Ratajczak, JP Grabowski: Usefulness of diagnostic indices comprising clinical, sonographic, and biomarker data for discriminating benign from malignant ovarian masses. In: Journal of ultrasound in medicine: official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine. Volume 34, Number 2, February 2015, pp. 207-217, doi : 10.7863 / ultra.34.2.207 , PMID 25614393 .
  6. ↑ AR Simmons, K. Baggerly, RC Bast: The emerging role of HE4 in the evaluation of epithelial ovarian and endometrial carcinomas. In: Oncology. Volume 27, Number 6, June 2013, pp. 548-556, PMID 23909069 , PMC 4085777 (free full text).
  7. ↑ R. Longuespée, C. Boyon, A. Desmons, D. Vinatier, E. Leblanc, I. Farré, M. Wisztorski, K. Ly, F. D'Anjou, R. Day, I. Fournier, M. Salzet : Ovarian cancer molecular pathology. In: Cancer metastasis reviews. Volume 31, Number 3-4, December 2012, pp. 713-732, doi : 10.1007 / s10555-012-9383-7 , PMID 22729278 .